Amidations aldehydes

Primary and secondary amines, double bonds, aldehydes, sulfides and certain aromatic and dihydroaroraatic systems are also oxidized by chromium VI reagents under standard hydroxyl oxidizing conditions. Amines are commonly protected by salt formation or by conversion to amides. Aldehydes and... 

High boiling polar compounds, diols, phenols, methyl esters of. dicarboxylic acids, amines, diamines, ethanolamines, amides, aldehydes and ketones. 

Thus far, the [5 + 2 + 1]-reaction works efficiently with alkynyl esters, amides, aldehydes, and ketones or an alkynyl-substituted allene44 as the two-carbon component (Scheme 58). Just as in the case of the [5 + 21-cycloaddition of VCPs and allenynes, the [5 + 2 + l]-reaction is selective for the allene over the alkyne subunit (Equation (35)). 

Amide Aldehyde Conditions Erythro-Threo Ratio Ref. 

It is well documented that amines oxidise differently in non-aqueous environments to those pathways seen in aqueous systems. In the former systems, hydrogen abstraction of the a-carbon predominates. The reactivity is in the decreasing order tertiary > secondary > primary amines. Oxidation in non-aqueous systems results in amides, aldehydes and carbon-nitrogen cleavage products [67]. 

In an attempt to preserve the desirable features of amlnoplast chemistry, while eliminating the release of aldehydic components, a related, but surprisingly different system, the amide/blocked aldehydes 1 and related cyclic hemlamidals 2 (RsMe, Et), was Investigated. These linked amide/aldehydes avoid the loss of aldehyde by covalently attaching It to the amide. In cases where five or six membered rings can form, the equilibrium also shifts strongly to the cycllzed hemlamidal side. 

Post-crosslinkable and substrate reactive polymers are widely used to Improve water and solvent resistance, strength, substrate adhesion and block resistance In binders, adhesives and coatings. The surprisingly rich chemistry of a new class of functional monomers (eg. 1 and 2) related to standard amide/aldehyde (amlnoplast) condensates, but which eliminate aldehyde emissions, was elucidated by monomeric model and mechanistic studies and discussed In the preceeding paper (1). Results with these monomers In copolymer systems are reported here. 

Fig. 12 Formation of A-(cyanomethyl)amides in the MCR between primary isocyano amides, aldehydes/ketones, and amines...

The structural diversity (and complexity) of the products obtained by the MCR between tertiary isocyano amides, aldehydes, and amines could be increased to various heterocyclic scaffolds by combining the initial 2,4,5-tiisubstituted oxazole MCR with in situ intramolecular tandem processes (Fig. 17). Most tandem processes reported are based on the reactivity of the oxazole ring toward C=C or C=C bonds in hetero Diels-Alder reactions followed by ring opening reactions generating the rather complex heterocyclic products with high degrees of variation. 

Fig. 18 Suggested reaction mechanism for the construction of pyrrolo[3,4-h]pyridme-5-ones (50) from the MCR between isocyano amides, aldehydes, amines, and acryloyl chloride derivatives...

Numerous useful transition metal-catalyzed reactions of organic halides are now known. Practical syntheses of esters, acids, amides, aldehydes, olefins, ketones, and acetylenes have been described. In many instances the metal-catalyzed reactions are superior to more conventional, purely organic routes to the same compounds. 

E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company Water-Bearing Explosive Compositions Gelled with Polymeric Amide-Aldehyde and Method of Making Same... 

Keywords amide, aldehyde, secondary amine, microwave irradiation, monoacy-laminal... 

Scheme 3.8. The expected reaction of a-aminoacid amides, aldehydes and isocyanides to form ketopiperazines did not happen.

Alkyl azide Alkyl amide Aldehyde-modified... 

Aromatic carboxylic acids, a,/f-unsaturated carboxylic acids, their esters, amides, aldehydes and ketones, are prepared by the carbonylation of aryl halides and alkenyl halides. Pd, Rh, Fe, Ni and Co catalysts are used under different conditions. Among them, the Pd-catalysed carbonylations proceed conveniently under mild conditions in the presence of bases such as K2CO3 and Et3N. The extremely high toxicity of Ni(CO)4 almost prohibits the use of Ni catalysts in laboratories. The Pd-catalysed carbonylations are summarized in Scheme 3.9 [215], The reaction is explained by the oxidative addition of halides, and insertion of CO to form acylpalladium halides 440. Acids, esters, and amides are formed by the nucleophilic attack of water, alcohols and amines to 440. Transmetallation with hydrides and reductive elimination afford aldehydes 441. Ketones 442 are produced by transmetallation with alkylmetal reagents and reductive elimination. 

Non-isohypsic transformations are especially important in the syntheses of various nitrogen-containing derivatives. A common route for obtaining amines is the reduction of nitrogen-containing derivatives of carboxylic acids (nitriles or amides), aldehydes and ketones (imines) ... 

Dihydrooxazoles continue to occupy an important place in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry as they have found use as versatile synthetic intermediates, protecting groups/pro-drugs for carboxylic acids, and chiral auxiliaries in asymmetric synthesis. There are several protocols in the literature for the transformations of functional groups such as acids, esters, nitriles, hydroxyl amides, aldehydes, and alkenes to 2-oxazolines. Newer additions to these methods feature greater ease of synthesis and milder conditions. 

The total unsaturation from Equation (7) can be apportioned into contributions from alicyclic structural moieties such as furanose and pyra-nose rings, aromatic structural moieties such as benzene rings, and carbonyl-containing moieties such as carboxylic acids, esters, amides, aldehydes, and ketones. Olefinic moieties such as the unsaturated alkyl chains of some lipids are thought to be of only minor importance. Equation (7) can thus be rewritten as... 

Properties Yellow crystals or light-yellow liquid mild odor. Mp 15C, bp 51C, d 1.14 (20/20C), bulkd 10.0 lb/gal (20C), vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame, refr index 1.3826 (20C). Polymerizes on standing or in presence of a trace of water. An aqueous solution contains monomolecu-lar glyoxal and reacts weakly to acid. Undergoes many addition and condensation reactions with amines, amides, aldehydes and hydroxyl-containing materials. Glyoxal VP resists discoloration. 

Other possibility for a traceless release of combinatorial compounds from solid supports. As only the desired products are cleaved during fhe reaction, these are obtained in high purity. The method is compatible wifh a whole variety of different functionalities, such as carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid anhydrides, amides, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and sulfonamides. 

Partition Coefficients of Amines, Amides, Aldehydes, Ketones, and Ethers in Aqueous Surfactant Solutions at 298.15 K... 

Not only changing the ligand sphere but also the addition of a co-catalyst can dramatically increase catalyst-efficiency. In an interesting exanq>le is the cobalt-catalyzed amido-carbonylation. In a perfectly atom economic way N-acylamino acids can be produced fi om simple amides, aldehydes and carbon monoxide. Although amidocarbonylation reactions which were originally developed by Wakamatsu in the early seventies cannot compete commercially against cheap natural sources or fermentation, for non-natural amino acids this salt fi ee process must be considered as a viable alternative to the conventional Strecker reaction. 

Kupfer, Chrom CuCr2Oj, Cu/CuCr204, u. U. auf AljO, SiO, oder Bimsstein 150-300 150-400 Carbonsauren deren Ester und Amide Aldehyde Ketone Alle Hydrierungen verlaufen unter Erhaltung aromatiseher Systeme... 

A series of reactions, which ultimately led to a partially asymmetric molecule without intermediate resolution has been recorded. The penultimate step was the conversion of the amide-aldehyde (146) into the cyclohexenone derivative (147) by heating first with L-proline pyrrolidide and then adding methyl vinyl ketone. Ring closure to 148 was finally achieved by means of ethanolic hydrogen chloride. The resulting mesembrine (148) was partially optically active and the pure (-I- )-base hydrochloride was obtained from it by fractional crystallization 171). 

AEROTEX GLYOXAL 40 (107-22-2) Flammable solid, but normally sold as an inhibited 40% solution. A highly reactive reducing agent. Violent reaction with water causes polymerization. Temperatures above boiling point of 122°F/50°C can cause polymerization. Reacts, possibly violently, with strong acids, caustics, ammonia, amines, amides, aldehydes, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene amine, hydroxyl-containing materials. Corrosive to metals aluminum, copper, tin, steel, zinc. 

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