SEARCH Articles Figures Tables First Coordination Sphere Ligands Inner-sphere values, ligand Inner-sphere water ligands Ligand binding receptor spheres Ligand effects inner-sphere reactions, kinetics Ligand effects outer-sphere reactions, kinetics Ligand exchange reactions outer-sphere complex formation constant Ligand inner-sphere complexation Ligand outer sphere Ligand second coordination sphere Ligand-exchange mechanism, inner-sphere Ligand-exchange mechanism, inner-sphere surface complex formation Ligands coordination spheres Mixed chalcogen/carbonyl ligand spheres Outer-sphere mechanisms metal-ligand bifunctional Second sphere ligands, crown ethers Spheres, representing ligands The Bridging Ligand in Inner-Sphere Redox Reactions Third sphere ligand