American Trade Name

In keeping with our aim to produce an accessible, easy-to-read book we have endeavored to ensure that the text is clear, concise and easily comprehensible. Each individual chapter is written by one or more distinguished authors from the relevant field and careful editing has ensured an overall style and continuity throughout the text. European and American trade names are given where appropriate to avoid any possible conflicts of terminology and phrase-ology which may arise from multinational readership and authorship. 

The American Trade Name Index, Vol. 3, of Thomas Register of American Manufac-... 

The generic name of a drug is not directly de rived from systematic nomenclature Furthermore different pharmaceutical companies will call the same drug by their own trade name which is differ ent from its generic name Generic names are in vented on request (for a fee) by the U S Adopted Names Council a private organization founded by the American Medical Association the American Pharmaceutical Association and the U S Pharma copeial Convention... 

The present North American market is dominated by Du Pont, no doubt by virtue of their early lead other suppHers are AlliedSignal with Petra and Hoechst Celanese Corporation with Impet. Eastman also markets PET injection mol ding grades under the trade name Thermx. In Europe the situation... 

Many lens casters use the term hard-resin lenses for DADC products companies and trade names include American Optical (Aoflte ), Cobum (Supremacy I), Optical Radiation (Orcoflte), and Silor Optical (Orma 1000). Additional information can be obtained from the Optical Manufacturers Association, Falls Church, Va. Cast sheets of homopolymer and copolymers are suppHed by the SGL Homalite Company, Foster Grant, and others. 

There are five North American manufacturers of EPDM Unhoyal Chemical, Exxon, DuPont, DSM, and Bayer. In addition. Union Carbide and Dow are manufacturing the new gas-phase polymers. A new joint agreement between Dow and DuPont will offer these two companies some competitive advantages in this market. Trade names of commercial ethylene—propylene polymers include Bayer s Epsyn, Exxon s Vistalon, DuPont s Nordel, and Unhoyal s Royalene. 

In the United States, the manufacturers of fermentation-derived tetracyclines (1), (2), and (3) are the Ledede Laboratories, a division of American Cyanamid Co., Charles Pfizer Inc., Bristol Laboratories, and RacheUe Laboratories. There are also several manufacturers abroad. Tetracycline is now sold genetically by many companies. Pfizer s doxycycline (6) and Ledede s minocycline (7), both semisynthetic tetracyclines, are the only members of the group that have increasing sales. Table 1 fists the commercial tetracyclines and the corresponding trade names. 

Textile Chemist and Colorist-Buyer s Guide, American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Durham, N.C., annual. Lists American-made dyes and pigments by trade name, Colourindex generic number, and formula number, if available (no formulas are given). 

Many random copolymers have found commercial use as elastomers and plastics. For example, SBR (62), poly(butadiene- (9-styrene) [9003-55-8] has become the largest volume synthetic mbber. It can be prepared ia emulsion by use of free-radical initiators, such as K2S20g or Fe /ROOH (eq. 18), or in solution by use of alkyl lithium initiators. Emulsion SBR copolymers are produced under trade names by such companies as American Synthetic Rubber (ASPC), Armtek, B. F. Goodrich (Ameripool), and Goodyear (PHoflex) solution SBR is manufactured by Firestone (Stereon). The total U.S. production of SBR in 1990 was 581,000 t (63). 

The exact composition and proportion of these additives in a certain type of fluid depends on the intended use. Hydraulic fluids are compounded to conform to performance-based standards such as Military or ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) specifications. Some examples of Military specifications are shown in Table 3-2. Many different formulations can be compounded to conform to one performance standard. It should be noted that the variability among these products or even within products with the same trade names may confuse efforts to determine environmental and health effects of hydraulic fluids at hazardous waste landfills since hydraulic fluids that are currently used may or may not contain the same components present in old products of the same name. 

The trade names of semi-gelatine expls produced by various North American manufacturers are listed below (Ref 2) ... 

The nomenclature in the field of explosives and war chemicals is perplexing. Most of the chief explosives are known under many different names and designations, including the correct chemical name, chemical synonyms, American and foreign trade names, and warfare symbols. In literature on the subject sometimes one term is used, and sometimes another. Unless one knows the meaning of all of the terms, it is often necessary to make a search for information and this, in the literature on explosives, is a time-consuming procedure. For instance, in a technical article on detonators, a chemist may find a reference to Dinol. He knows this is a trade name and if he does not know the chemical composition of the product and wishes to find it out, he has to know its correct chemical name. He may spend quite a bit of time before he establishes the fact that Dinol is the commercial term for dinitrodiazophenol. 

In the early 1970s, most states had antisubstitution laws that required the dispensing of the innovator product when the prescriber wrote for a drug by trade name. Most physicians had learned only the trade name of the drug product, and these laws ensured that generic substitution would be at a minimum. The American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA) along... 

Furfural can be and has been used as a fuel for motor cars and airplanes. Under the trade name of FURALINE, a mixture of furfuryl alcohol, methanol, and xylidine (dimethyl aniline) is used as a rocket fuel. With nitric acid as oxidizer, a mixture of furfuryl alcohol with aniline is used as the fuel for the American CORPORAL rockets and the French VERONIQUE and EMERAUDE rockets. The latter system is hypergolic When the mixture of furfuryl alcohol and aniline (the fuel ) comes into contact with the nitric acid (the oxidizer ), it ignites by itself without external aid. Even alone, furfuryl alcohol explodes when mixed with concentrated nitric acid. 

Between these two extremes there is a type of arbitrary designation which strongly resembles a trade name but is actually a coined name more or less oflBcially recognized as representing a particular chemical individual. A group of examples of this type is found in the action (6) of the American Phytopathological Society with respect to five fungicidal salts ... 

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