Aluminum flakes

Table 2. Particle Thickness and Oxide Content of Aluminum Flake Powder...

Metal flakes in a suspension are common. For example, aluminum paint is actually aluminum flakes suspended in paint. Upon application, the flakes orient themselves parallel to the surface and give very good coverage. Similarly, silver flakes can be applied to give good electrical conductivity. 

Aluminum-based primer plus alkyd finish The binder for these primers is normally oleo-resinous but the pigmentation is aluminum flake. This type is preferred for hardwoods and softwoods where knots or resinous areas predominate. They do not give such a smooth surface as primers without aluminum. 

Crosslinked acrylic microgels in aqueous and non-aqueous media were patented as paint constituents in 1979 to improve the orientation of aluminum flake pigments, restrict the flow of the liquid coating on the substrate and restrict sagging [324]. As the patent speaks of emulsions, insolubility of the microgels and particle sizes up to 200 nm, it is questionable whether these polymers consisted of microgels only. 

Flitter" refers to the large white sparks obtained from the burning of large aluminum flakes. These flakes burn continuously upon ejection from the flame, creating a beautiful white effect, and they are used in a variety of fireworks items. 

Plate-like particles of interest in this context include mica, aluminum flake, hammered glass, magnesium hydroxide and talc. Physical properties of composites containing these additives depend strongly on the flow-induced morphology and on the distribution of residual stresses [31]. 

Polymers may also be converted from nonconductors to conductors of electricity by the addition of conductive fillers. Graphite-filled polymers are semiconductors, and polymers filled with aluminum flakes or aluminum filaments are relatively good conductors of electricity. 

The electric and heat conductivity of polymers may be increased by the incorporation of conductive fillers, such as aluminum flakes or metallic fibers. 

Aluminum Atomized 3.0% Aluminum Flake 50.0% Barium Nitrate... 

The CVD process in a fluidized bed (see Section 5.3.1.5) is also used for depositing interference Fe203 layers on aluminum flakes [5.227] as well as for the formation of titanium nitride on platelet substrates [5.248] or TiOz [5.249], [5.250],... 

Other industrial uses of aluminum flake include the building industry (production of aerated concrete) and the chemical industry (e.g., production of titanium dioxide, pyrotechnics, and explosives). Copper powder in flake form is used in the chemical industry (e.g., for phthalocyanine production, for lubricants). 

Metallic Pigments, The leading metallic pigment is zinc dnst, which is used mostly in zinc-rich primers, where it acts as a passivating agent. Aluminum flake is used for the silvery metallic appearance that it imparts. 

Cardiovascular Effects. No studies were located regarding cardiovascular effects of various forms of aluminum following acute- or intermediate-duration inhalation exposure in humans. Dilation and hypertrophy of the right side of the heart were reported in male factory workers chronically exposed by inhalation to aluminum flake powder and who eventually died (McLaughlin et al. 1962, Mitchell et al. 1961). The cardiac effects may have been secondary to pulmonary fibrosis and poor pulmonary function. Epidemiological studies of aluminum industry workers failed to identify an increase in deaths related to cardiovascular disease (Milham 1979 Mur et al. 1987 Rockette and Arena 1983 Theriault et al. 1984a). 

Endocrine Effects. No studies were located regarding endocrine effects in humans following acute-or intermediate-duration inhalation exposure to various forms of aluminum. Post-mortem enlargement of the thyroid was reported in the case of a male factory worker chronically exposed by inhalation to aluminum flake powder (McLaughlin et al. 1962). 

In animals, information on effects from inhalation exposure is available for pure aluminum flakes, aluminum chlorhydrate antiperspirants, and a propylene glycol complex of aluminum chlorhydrate. 

Synonym(s) Aluminum alumina fibre metana aluminum bronze aluminum dehydrated aluminum flake aluminum powder Aluminum trichloride trichloroaluminum0 aluminum chloride (1 3)... 

Ljunggren KG, Lidums V, Sjogren B. 1991. Blood and urine concentrations of aluminum among workers exposed to aluminum flake powders. Br J Ind Med 48 106-109. 

Pigments used in barrier coatings should also be hydrophobic in nature, and possess good adhesion across pigment-binder interfaces. Some typical pigments used are flat platey aluminum flakes, glass flakes, stailness steel flakes and micaceous iron oxide. 

Metallic Pigments. These pigments are metal flakes of various sizes made up of aluminum, copper, zinc, and/or their alloys. The aluminum flakes develop the silver metallic colors, whereas the copper, zinc, and aluminum alloys produce the gold, copper, brass, and bronze colors. The metal effect is modified, not only by shape and size, but also by perticle size distribution within a given product. Since aluminum, in particular, as a fine dry powder, can form explosive mixtures with air, most of these materials are commercially available in paste or liquid concentrates. In addition, surface treatments of these materials enhance their appearance and performance. Flakes of other metals, such as stainless steel, are used for surface protection purposes such as corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. 

Figure 14.10. Aluminum flake, silver dollar type.

A higher resin temperature and a heated mold will prolong the flow time of the plastic, including layers close to the surface. This will enhance the disorientation of the aluminum flakes and thereby the optical appearance of the molded part. 

Uses The line powder is used as component of explosive mixtures and primer compositions, in flares and various other pyrotechnic devices. The coarse powder is used in incendiary bombs. Aluminum flakes are also used as an ingredient of explosive mixtures for detonating rivets, P.9 10 ... 

Metal effect pigments regular reflection takes place on mainly flat and parallel metallic pigment particles (example aluminum flakes)... 

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