Pigment binders

In determining the chemical resistance, color changes of pigmented binder surfaces are measured after their exposure to various chemicals, such as water—sulfur dioxide or water—sodium chloride systems. These systems imitate the environment to which the colored articles could become exposed. 

Although formulation is an art, science finds its place in the characterisation of the raw materials, in the design and testing of the series of experimental formulae and in the interpretation of the results. In addition to possessing an intimate knowledge of pigments, binders and solvents, the paint formulator must also be well acquainted with raw material costs and availability, paint making machinery, and the market s performance requirements. 

Pigment/Binder Ratio the ratio of total pigment (white and/or coloured pigment plus extender) to binder (q. v.) in a paint preferably expressed as a ratio by volume. 

Pigment binder ratio. Code, Weight, Row density. Row solids. Row pigment solids. 

REAL Pigment binder ratio, Row density(10), Row solids(10), Row pigment solids(lO),... 

REAL Pass pigment binder ratio,Pass code(lO), Pass weight(10), Pass row solids(10),... 

Row),Pass pigment binder ratio,Pass code. Pass weight. 

Pigment binder ratio = Total pigment/(Total solids-total pigment)... 

We therefore began our own studies by devoting particular attention to reactions with water. We carried out comparative measurements of the water vapor and oxygen permeability of binder films. The result we obtained was that the permeability of water through pigmented binders under practical conditions is on average 103 greater (calculated on the number of mols) than that of 02- (Tab. I)... 

Madonna col Bambino e S. Egg as pigment binder and animal glue 116... 

Sarcophagus of Amazons, Florence Egg was used as pigment binder and 118... 

Most grades exhibit a high specific surface area, sometimes above 100 m2/g. For good dispersion and in order to avoid flocculation, it is therefore necessary to maintain an adequate pigment/binder ratio. It should be noted that the required amount of binder is higher in this case than for most other organic pigments. 

Flocculate agglomerate present in a suspension (e.g., in pigment-binder systems), which can be disintegrated by low shear forces... 

A pigment-binder dispersion is a suspension before it is dried after drying it is a solid sol. In pigment-binder systems, the concepts and laws of colloid chemistry therefore apply. The dispersing of pigments and extenders in binders is an extremely complex process of a series of steps that can be interlinked [1.63]. Dispersing involves the following steps ... 

A similar class is die titanates. Three-dimensional Ti—O chains form pigments and pigment binders for paints and water-proofing compounds for use on cloth. Their properties can be modified by substituting monofunctional groups for some of the oxygen, for example, by forming esters to interrupt the chains. 

To paint our wagon, we need complete paints. Pigments alone will not make a paint. It is necessary to combine binders with the pigments. Binders are substances that hold the pigments in solution so they can be spread evenly over a surface. Depending on the binder used, the resulting paint may be transparent or opaque. Binders must adhere to a surface and dry in reasonable amount of time. In Activity 2.4, students will prepare binders. 

The principal components in a paint are pigment, binder, and solvent. The basic steps in the manufacture of paints are [780] ... 

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