White’s effect

Fig. 4.2 (a) White s Effect. The small grey patches are all physically identical. The... 

C1ECAM97S can predict the effect of the colour of a background on the colour appearance of a stimulus and can also take into account the brightness of the viewing conditions. However, it cannot predict more complicated spatial effects such as White s effect or complex illuminant effects such as Helson-Judd. 

SPEHAR B, GILCHRIST A and AREND LE (1997) Qualitative boundaries critical in White s effect square-wave brightness induction. A reply to Kingdom et al (1997), Vision Res., 37, 1044-1047. 

Wimley, W. C., White, S. H. Membrane partitioning distinguishing bilayer effects from the hydrophobic effect. Biochemistry 1993, 32, 6307-12. 

Vatanparast H, Baxter-Jones A, Faulkner R, Baile D and Whiting S. 2005. Positive effects of vegetable and fruits consumption and calcium intake on bone mineral accrual in boys during growth from childhood to adolescence the University of Saskatchewan Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study. Am J Clin Nutr 82 700-706. 

But this is only half of the transformation. The blackness of the blackface not only masks Jewish physicality but also unites Jack with Mary by casting the actor s whiteness in stark relief. The film self-consciously plays on the white-and-black contrasts inherent in the minstrel form—as when, in one scene backstage, Jack wipes a white glove across his eyes, leaving a white streak across his face —thus heightening the visual impact of Jolson s white skin.69 The white streaking effect is important to Jakie s overall transformation, but it is especially important to his liaison with... 

Berner, R. A. (1995). Chemical weathering and its effect on atmospheric CO2 and climate. In Chemical Weathering Rates in Silicate Minerals, ed. A. F. White S. L. Brantley. Washington DC Mineralogical Society of America, pp. 565-83. 

White, S.R., Penny, D.G. (1994). Effects of insulin and glucose treatment on neurologic outcome after carbon monoxide poisoning. Ann. Emerg. Med. 23 606 (Abst.). 

Bu-Abbas, A. et al., Selective induction of rat hepatic CYPl and CYP4 proteins and of peroxisomal proliferation by green tea. Carcinogenesis, 15, 2575, 1994. Obemieier, M.T., White, R.E., and Yang, C.S., Effects of bioflavonoids on hepatic P450 activities, Xenobiotica, 25, 575, 1995. 

Whiting, S. J., and Draper, H. H. 1981. Effect of chronic acid load as Sulfate or sulfur aminu acids on bone metabolism in adult rats. J., V(dr. Ill, 1721-1726. 

Featherstone JD, Shariati M, Brugler S, Fu J, White DJ Effect of an anticalculus dentifrice on lesion progression under pH cycling conditions in vitro. Caries Res 1988 22 337-341. 

Belldegrun A, Webb D, Austin H, Steinberg S, White D, Lineham W, Rosenberg S. Effects of Interleukin-2 on renal function in patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced cancer. Ann Intern Med 1987 106 817-822. 

In Section X.A the considerable acid-strengthening effect of C=C was shown for the series butanoic acid, 3-butenoic acid, 3-butynoic acid. This effect is revealed even more dramatically by the values (water, 25 °C) in the series propanoic acid, 4.88 propenoic acid, 4.25 propynoic acid, 1.96. (This is Mansfield and Whiting s value, corrected for the effect of ionic strength see Section X.A.). The - R effect of HC=C may be a factor tending to weaken the acidity of HC=C—COOH by stabilizing the undissociated acid relative to the ionized form (cf the -R effect of Ph in benzoic acid), but it is certainly completely swamped by the +7 effect. 

Pukrittayakamee S, Pitisuttithum P, Zhang H, Jantra A, Wanwimolruk S, White NJ. Effects of cigarette smoking on quinine pharmacokinetics in malaria. EurJ Clin Pharmacol (2002) 58, 315-19. 

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