Metal effects

The same properties that make molybdenum metal effective in high temperature furnace appHcations make it useful as support wires for tungsten filaments in incandescent light bulbs and as targets in x-ray tubes. 

Two blue pigments can be prepared in transparent form cyanide iron blue and cobalt aluminum blue. These pigments are used in achieving a blue shade of the metal effect pigments in metallic paints. Transparent cyanide iron blue is prepared by a precipitation reaction similar to the one used for the preparation of the opaque pigment, but considerably lower concentrations of solutions are used. It is produced by Degussa (Germany), Manox (U.K), and Dainichiseika (Japan). 

Evidently, therefore, correct design can play an important part in reducing the corrosion of steel structures through lessening the danger of local attack due to mass metal effects and condensation. 

Cis, trans and metal effects in transition metal porphyrins. J. W. Buchler, W. Kokisch and P. D. Smith, Struct. Bonding (Berlin), 1978, 34, 80-134 (158). 

Metal Effects on Sulfur Cycle Bacteria and Metal Removal by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (O. J. Hao)... 

Buchler JW, Kokisch W, Smith PD (1978) Cis, Trans, and Metal Effects in Transition Metal Porphyrins. 34 79-134... 

Adsorbed CO and NO were used as probes to Investigate the effects of Co concentration and sulfide on the nature and numbers of exposed metal sites on reduced catalysts containing 1 to 6 wt% Co and 8 wt%. Mo on three alumina supports. Exposure of Mo Ions decreased with Increased Co concentration. Exposure of Co Ions typically reached a maximum at 2-4% Co. Sulfide decreased exposure of all metal Ion sites and Increased exposure of reduced metals. Effects of preadsorbed pyridine and 2,6-lutldlne, known poisons, on the exposure of metal sites, plus other evidence. 

Bolognesi C, Landini E, Roggieri P, Fabbri R, Viarengo A. 1999. Genotoxicity biomarkers in the assessment of heavy metal effects in mussels experimental studies. Environ Mol Mutagen 33 287-292. 

Collman JP, Berg KE, Sunderland CJ, Aukauloo A, Vance MA, Solomon El. 2002a. Distal metal effects in cobalt porphyrins related to CcO. Inorg Chem 16 6583. 

Oline DK, Grant MC (2002) Scaling patterns of biomass and soil properties an empirical analysis. Landsc Ecol 17 13-26 Perez-de-Mora A, Burgos P, Madejon E, Cabrera F, Jaeckel P, Schloter M (2006) Microbial community structure and function in a soil contaminated by heavy metals effects of plant growth and different amendments. Soil Biol Biochem 38 327-341... 

Interestingly, that the reactions of peroxynitrite with phenols were accelerated in the presence of ferric and cupric ions [112,114]. Until now, there seems no explanation of transition metal effects in these reactions. We just wonder if it is possible that ferric and cupric ions are able to oxidize peroxynitrite ... 

Crosslinked polymer particles with a rather complex structure, which have also been designated by the name microgels and recommended as components of metal effect paints, consist of carboxyl-terminated oligoesters of 12-hydroxy stearic acid which were reacted with glycidyl methacrylate, subsequently copolymerized with MMA and hydroxymethyl methacrylate and then crosslinked by hydroxy melamine [346]. 

Viarengo, A., L. Canesi, M. Pertica, G. Poli, M.N. Moore, and M. Orunesu. 1990. Heavy metal effects on lipid peroxidation in the tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 97C 37-42. 

Conrad, G.W. 1988. Heavy metal effects on cellular shape changes, cleavage, and larval development of the marine gastropod mollusk, (Ilyanassa obsoleta Say). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 41 79-85. 

According to the heavy metals effects, the soil microbes, crops and ground waters as a source of drinking water, are the most important receptors. During migration in the food web, the heavy metals, especially Cd and Hg, can affect also higher organisms,... 

These results are similar to the literature data concerning the separate toxic and essential metals effects (Araki et al., 1987 Araki, 1992 Arezzo et al., 1985 Baranski, 1986 Brockel and Cory-Slechta, 1999 Lilis et al., 1985 Trombley et al., 2000). But it is important to take in account simultaneously the influence of toxic and essential metals in particular if they are physiological antagonists or synergists and if an increase of toxic metals is accompanied by a deficit of the essential elements as it has been shown in this study. 

Metal effect pigments, 29 411 Metal emission limits, 23 183 Metal extractants, 20 750 Metal extruders, for VDC copolymers, 25 726... 

Attractive metallic effects can be obtained by incorporating very thin, small flakes of aluminium, copper or copper/zinc alloys in otherwise transparent surface coatings. The metal flakes act as tiny mirrors within these paints, which are particularly effective on the curved surfaces of cars since the colour changes with the angle from which the surface is viewed. The orientation of the flakes within the paint film also changes the colour seen by the eye, so that careful dispersion of the metal components of the paint is essential. 

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