Alfol® Fatty alcohols

Higher molecular primary unbranched or low-branched alcohols are used not only for the synthesis of nonionic but also of anionic surfactants, like fatty alcohol sulfates or ether sulfates. These alcohols are produced by catalytic high-pressure hydrogenation of the methyl esters of fatty acids, obtained by a transesterification reaction of fats or fatty oils with methanol or by different procedures, like hydroformylation or the Alfol process, starting from petroleum chemical raw materials. 

Linear, even-numbered, primary alcohols—like the natural fatty alcohols—are produced by the aluminum organic alcohol synthesis after Ziegler, the so-called Alfol process. This alcohol synthesis proceeds in three steps ... 

For this alcohol synthesis stoichiometric amounts of aluminum alkyls are required. Beside the wanted fatty alcohols high-purity aluminum oxide is formed. This aluminum oxide is of high value, e.g., for the production of catalysts and improves the economy of the Alfol process. 

A further narrowing of the molecular weight distribution in the fatty alcohol mixture of the Alfol process was realized in the so-called Epal process of the Ethyl Corporation [38a,44]. In this process the reaction product of the growth reaction is in a first step transalkylated by a C4-C10 olefin mixture ... 

The CONDEA group operates two different types of processes for the manufacture of alkoxide derived alumians and related products, the Ziegler-ALFOL process and CONDEA s On-Purpose Process. The Ziegler process is a co-production process of linear fatty alcohols and alumina, using aluminum organic compounds as intermediates, CONDEA s own On-Purpose technology is based on the formation of aluminum alkoxide from aluminum metal and alcohol. In both processes the formation of alumina is achieved by hydrolysis of aluminum alcoholates with water. 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) Adol Adol 52 Adol 52 NF Adol 520 Adol 54 Adol 52 NF AI3-00755 Alcohol C-16 Aldol 54 Alfol 16 Atalco C BRN 1748475 C16 alcohol Cachalot C-50 Cachalot C-51 Cachalot C-52 Cachalo C-50 NF Caswell No. 165D Cetaffine Cetal Cetalol CA Cetanol 1-Cetanol Cetostearyl alcohol Cetyl alcohol n-Cetyl alcohol Cetylic alcohol Cetylol CO-1670 CO-1695 Crodacol C Crodacol-cas Crodacol-cat Cyclal cetyl alcohol Dytol F-11 EINECS 253-149-0 Elfacos C EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 001508 EPAL 16NF Ethal Ethol Fatty alcohol(C16) FEMA Number 2554 Hexadecanol n-Hexadecanol n-... 

A13-02169 Alcohol Cs Alfol 8 Cs alcohol Capryl alcohol n-Capryl Alcohol Caprylic alcohol n-Caprylic alcohol Caswell No. 611A Dytol M-83 EINECS 203-917-6 EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 079037 EPAL 8 Fatty alcohol(C8) FEMA Number 2800 Heptyl carbinol HSDB 700 Lorol 20 NSC 9823 Octanol n-Octanol n-Octan-1-ol Oclilin Octyl alcohol n-Octyl alcohol Primary octyl alcohol Sipol L8. Solvent and chemical intermediate. Used as a basis for silicone oils, also as a foam suppressant. Registered by EPA as a herbicide and insecticide. Colorless liquid mp = -15.5° bp = 195.1° d = 0.8262 insoluble in H2O, slightly soluble in CCI4 freely soluble in EtOH, Et20, Coastal Ethicon Inc. Lancaster Synthesis Co. Michel M, Penta Mfg. 

The alkyl chain of a particular alkyl sulfate depends, of course, on the alcohol used in its synthesis. For technically relevant alkyl sulfates, such alcohols are available from the catalytic reduction of natural fatty acids and synthesized fatty acids or alcohols from the Oxo Process. Alcohols produced via the Ziegler process ( alfols ) contain mainly 10 to 22 carbon atoms in their main chains and are in accordance with fatty alcohols obtained from natural sources. 

Ziegler Alcohol Processes. Two processes for the production of synthetic fatty alcohols are based on the work of Ziegler on organic aluminum compounds the Alfol process, developed by Conoco and Ethyl Corporation s Epal process. Fatty alcohols synthesized by these processes are structurally similar to natural fatty alcohols and are thus ideal substitutes for natural products. 

Higher alcohols are produced from three routes that involve H2. These three routes differ in feed stocks and the nature of the process, so alcohols can be produced for specific process needs. The three routes are hydrogenation of fatty acids or esters, hydroformylation, and the Alfol process [108,109]. 

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