Aluminum organic compounds

It was found 158,159) that the fall of the rate observed when aluminum-organic compound was added to TiCl2 during ethylene polymerization was due to the decrease in the number of propagation centers. The propagation rate constant remained unchanged. In propylene polymerization the number of atactic propagation centers sharply diminished when the aluminum-... 

Since CVD processes offer the possibility of conformal coverage of a severe terrain, this method of depositing aluminum has been considered. The most completely explored method employs an aluminum-organic compound, TIBAL,31 32 which is... 

It is believed that complex formation between olefins and Lewis acids (reaction b) is quite common. Complexing of propene and aluminum organic compounds can be demonstrated in simple test tube experiments... 

The common preparative method for 7r-allylnickel halides is at the moment the reaction of nickel(O) olefin complexes like bis(cycloocta-1,5-diene) nickel, (IV), with allylic halides (23). The olefin complex, IV, can be prepared easily by reducing nickel(II) salts (like nickel acetyl-acetonate) with aluminum organic compounds in the presence of cycloocta-1,5-diene (5). 7r-Allylnickel halides and substituted 7r-allylnickel halides prepared according to this method are listed in Table I. 

The CONDEA group operates two different types of processes for the manufacture of alkoxide derived alumians and related products, the Ziegler-ALFOL process and CONDEA s On-Purpose Process. The Ziegler process is a co-production process of linear fatty alcohols and alumina, using aluminum organic compounds as intermediates, CONDEA s own On-Purpose technology is based on the formation of aluminum alkoxide from aluminum metal and alcohol. In both processes the formation of alumina is achieved by hydrolysis of aluminum alcoholates with water. 

Catalysts based on titanium or zirconium halogenides or hydrides in coimection with aluminum organic compound (Ziegler catalysts)... 

Isobutene can be copolymerized with numerous unsaturated compounds via a cationic route [577-586], Table 30 lists various comonomers and copolymerization parameters. The isobutene portion in the copolymers usually exceeds 90%. The use of aluminum organic compounds (e.g., AlEt2Cl) as opposed to aluminum trichloride permits better control of the copolymerization, as they are weaker Lewis acids. Hydrogen chloride or halogens must be added as cocatalysts that are capable of regenerating the carbocations. The organoaluminum catalysts are produced at —78 °C with boron trifluoride. 

Yamada, S., and Ono, 1., Ethylene oligomerization in the presence of titanium-aluminum organic compounds. Bull. Jpn. Pat. Inst., 12, 160, 1970. 

Flame letaidancy can be impaited to plastics by incorporating elements such as bromine, chlorine, antimony, tin, molybdenum, phosphoms, aluminum, and magnesium, either duriag the manufacture or when the plastics are compounded iato some useful product. Phosphoms, bromine, and chlorine are usually iacorporated as some organic compound. The other inorganic flame retardants are discussed hereia. 

Strong oxidizers and strong acids are incompatible with nikanolamines. Reactions, generating temperature and/or pressure increases, may occur with halogenated organic compounds. Alkan olamines are corrosive to copper and brass and may react. Contact with aluminum by alkan olamines, particularly when wet or at elevated temperatures (60°C), should be avoided. 

Reaction with Organic Compounds. Aluminum is not attacked by saturated or unsaturated, aUphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons. Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons do not generally react with aluminum except in the presence of water, which leads to the forma tion of halogen acids. The chemical stabiUty of aluminum in the presence of alcohols is very good and stabiUty is excellent in the presence of aldehydes, ketones, and quinones. 

A. N. Nesmeyanov and R. A. SokoUk, The Organic Compounds of Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium and Thallium, North-HoUand Publishing Co., Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1967. 

Bromine can function as a solvent. One of the very few metal bromides that has significant solubiUty in bromine is cesium bromide, 19.3 g/100 g of solution, thus providing a method of separating cesium bromide from the other alkah bromides (12). Aluminum bromide also is reported to have significant solubiUty in bromine but the pubUshed solubiUty values are not in good agreement (13). Bromine serves as the solvent in some brominations of organic compounds, such as 1,2-diphenylethane (14). 

Organic compounds of bromine usually resemble their chlorine analogues but have higher densities and lower vapor pressures. The bromo compounds are more reactive toward alkaUes and metals brominated solvents should generally be kept from contact with active metals such as aluminum. On the other hand, they present less fire hazard one bromine atom per molecule reduces flammabiUty about as much as two chlorine atoms. 

One of the most useful ways of introducing fluorine into organic compounds is the placement of the hydroxyl group in alcohols hydroxy compounds, and carboxylic acids Methyl alcohol reacts with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride at 100 500 °C in the presence of aluminum fluoride [60, 61], zinc fluoride [62] chromium fluonde [63], or a mixture of aluminum and chromium fluondes [64] to give a 20-78% yield of fluoromethane Attempted fluorinations of higher alcohols by this method failed [60]... 

The data obtained while studying the role of aluminumorganic compounds during polymerization by TiCh (157-159) show that an aluminum-organic co-catalyst can be a reversible coordination inhibitor by itself. The decrease in the number of propagation centers by the addition of aluminumorganic compounds to titanium dichloride seems to be caused by the reversible adsorption of the aluminumorganic compound on the titan-... 

Most metallo-organic compounds are monomers with some important exceptions, such as trimethyl aluminum which is a dimer. Their vapor pressures are usually directly related to the molecular weight, with the lower molecular weight compounds having the higher volatility. 

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