Adhesives Cements

These materials are widely used because they are durable, fire-resistant, and inexpensive when compared with organic materials. Inorganic adhesives are based on compounds such as sodium silicate, magnesium oxychloride, lead oxide (litharge), sulfur, and various metallic phosphates. The characteristics of some of the more important commercial materials are summarized. 

Temperature (°C) Overlap-shear strength (psi) T-peel strength (per inch width) 

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Styrene—Butadiene Latex. SB latex is used in coatings, carpet backing, paper adhesives, cement additives, and latex paint. 

Glass-reinforced polyester is the most widely used reinforced-resin system. A wide choice of polyester resins is available. The bisphenol resins resist strong acids as well as alkahne solutions. The size range is 2 through 12 in the temperature range is shown in Table 10-17. Diameters are not standardized. Adhesive-cemented socket joints and hand-lay-up reinforced butt joints are used. For the latter, reinforcement consists of layers of glass cloth saturated with adhesive cement. 

Inorg. adhesives inorganic adhesives cement, gypsum. 

The glass polyalkenoate cement uniquely combines translucency with the ability to bond to untreated tooth material and bone. Indeed, the only other cement to possess translucency is the dental silicate cement, while the zinc polycarboxylate cement is the only other adhesive cement. It is also an agent for the sustained release of fluoride. For these reasons the glass polyalkenoate cement has many applications in dentistry as well as being a candidate bone cement. Its translucency makes it a favoured material both for the restoration of front teeth and to cement translucent porcelain teeth and veneers. Its adhesive quality reduces and sometimes eliminates the need for the use of the dental drill. The release of fluoride from this cement protects neighbouring tooth material from the ravages of dental decay. New clinical techniques have been devised to exploit the unique characteristics of the material (McLean Wilson, 1977a,b,c Wilson McLean, 1988 Mount, 1990). 

Moser, J. B., Brown, D. B. Greener, E. H. (1974). Short-term bond strengths between adhesive cements and dental alloys. Journal of Dental Research, 53, 1377-80. 

Brauer, G. M., Stansbury, J. W. Argentar, H. (1983). Development of high-strength, acrylic resin-compatible adhesive cements. Journal of Dental Research, 62, 366-70. 

The adhesive cements, or simply adhesives, are viscous liquid preparations used mainly for joining together different objects or parts of objects into coherent units, for sizing (sealing) porous surfaces, and as binders in the preparation of paints (see Textbox 18). Until the end of the nineteenth century the only adhesives known to humans were of natural origin, derived either from vegetable secretions or from animal fluids and tissues. Few modern adhesives are now derived from natural substances most are artificial, human-made (synthetic) substances developed since the twentieth century. 

Much of the information about the harmful effects of organic solvents comes from studies of industrial exposure, although toluene abuse through sniffing of glues and other household sources of solvents (acrylic paints, adhesive cements, aerosol paints, lacquer thinners, shoe polish, typewriter correction fluids, varnishes, and fuels) has also been widely reported. 

Fig. 3 Diagram of the surgical procedure and apparatus for an in situ nasal recirculation study in rats. After an incision is made in the neck of the rats, the trachea is cannulated with a polyethylene tube to allow spontaneous breathing. Another tube, through which the drug solution is circulated, is inserted through the esophagus to the posterior part of the nasal cavity. The nasopalatine is closed with an adhesive cement to prevent drainage of the drug solution into the mouth. (Reprinted from Ref. with permission from Elsevier.)...

Use Photographic film sizing textile and paper adhesives cements capsules formedicinals matches light filters clarifying agent desserts, jellies, etc. culture medium for bacteria blood plasma volume expander microencapsulation printing inks nutrient protective colloid in ice cream. 

See sealant adhesive cement. (2) A ceramic receptacle used by pharmacists for preparing mixtures of medicinals and for hand-pulverizing soft solids. 

Use (Solid) Mechanical rubber products, lining oilloading hose and reaction equipment, adhesive cement, binder for rocket fuels, coatings for electric wiring, gaskets and seals. (Liquid) Specialty items made by dipping or electrophoresis from the latex. (Foam) Adhesive tape to replace metal fasteners for automotive accessories, seat cushions, carpet backing, sealant. 

Byco. [Ctoda Inc.] Gelatin NF sizing, textile and paper adhesives, cements, capsules for medications, matches clarifying agent sotective colloid in ice cream stabilizer, thickener, tex-turizer in food. 

Hercules AS, RS, SS. [Hercules] Nitrocellulose film-formers, bases for air-dry finishes, primers, surfacers, topcoats for transp( tation industry, lacquers, printing inks, adhesives, cements. 

Heresite. [Heresite] Phoiolic resins ther-moset for mfg. of coatings, adhesives, cements. 

Revertex. [Diversified Compounders] High stdids natural rubber latex used for carpet backing, adhesives, cement and asphalt additives. 

In the context of adhesives, cement is a natural rubber- or silicone-based elastomeric. Rubber cements contain a suitable solvent such as naphtha or aromatic hydrocarbons. Pyroxylin cements are adhesives based on solutions of nitrocellulose in alcohol, ether, or another solvent. Hydraulic cements used in construction, such as portland or pozzolana cement, are nonhazardous mixtures composed of some combination of lime, alumina, and silica which sets into a hard product (concrete) when water is added (the term portland... 

Chert). Descrip. Hydrophobic silica/hydrocarbon Uses Defoamer for waferborne industrial and architectural with associative thickeners, iatex and iaminating adhesives, cement modifiers food pkg. adhesives defoamer in food-contact coatings, paper/paperboard Regulatory FDA 21CFR 175.105,176.170,176.180,176.200,176.210 Properties Sp.gr. 0.85 dens. 7.1 ib/gai fiash pt. 196 C Use Level 0.2-0.7 w/w Dapro NA1621 [Eiementis Spec. U.S.]... 

Chem. Descrip. Aromatic crosslinking urefhane resin Uses In combination wifh cydoaliphafic diamines to formulate highly flexible, one-pack sfoving coatings, adhesive cements Properties Hazen < 150 color sol. in ethers, alcohols, esters, aromatic hydrocarbons limited sol. in aliphatic hydrocarbons misc. with plasticizers dens. = 1.07 g/cm (20 C) vise. 43,000 010,000 mPa-s-(23 C) flash pt. > 150 C... 

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