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Metal replacement

Silver is most commonly recovered by electrolysis or metallic replacement from the processing solutions or by ion exchange (qv) from the wash water (123). Loss of chemicals from one tank into the next has been minimized. The color paper process has progressed from five chemical solutions, three washes, and a replenishment rate of 75 lL/cm (70 mL/ft ) of film for each of the five solutions to two chemical solutions, one wash, and replenishment rates of 15 lL/cm (16 mL/ft ) and 5 lL/cm (5 mL/ft ). For color negative films, developer replenishment has dropped from over 300 to 43 lL/cm (40 mL/ft ). Regeneration of the now reduced overflow has decreased chemical discharge by as much as 55% (124). [Pg.481]

The bath is normally at a temperature in the range 620-710°C, depending on whether the coating material is an aluminium-silicon alloy (for use in high-temperature conditions) or pure aluminium (for corrosion prevention). It is heated by inductors, by resistance heaters or by an external flame. The pot will usually be refractory lined unless cast-iron pots are needed to ensure adequate heat transfer from an external flame. As molten aluminium is extremely aggressive towards ferrous metals, replacement of cast-iron pots is fairly frequent. Refractory-lined pots obviously do not have this drawback, although the bath hardware, in particular the sinker roll and support mechanism, will still be attacked and need replacement at intervals. [Pg.392]

Nylon (Polyamide) PA is a crystalline plastic and the first and largest consumption of the engineering thermoplastic. This family of TPs are tough, slippery, with good electrical properties, but hygroscopic and with dimensional stability lower than most other engineering types. Also offered in reinforced and filled grades as a moderately priced metal replacement. [Pg.427]

Reactions in which a metal replaces the hydrogen of an aromatic ring are considered along with their aliphatic counterparts in Chapter 12 (12-20 and 12-21). [Pg.725]

Engineering resins are polymers that have outstanding physical properties such as thermal stability, chemical resistance, self-lubrication, weather resistance, etc. Generally, they are thermoplastics. They are gaining in importance in automobile manufacture as metal replacements to provide lighter weight cars. [Pg.114]

While there are many types of replacement reactions, we will concern ourselves with two different kinds. In one type, a more active metal replaces a less active metal from solution. Consider the reaction between zinc and copper(ll) sulfate. [Pg.73]

Sodium, a metal, replaces iron, another metal. Fluorine, a nonmetal, replaces chlorine, another nonmetal. (In some high-temperature reactions, a nonmetal can displace a relatively inactive metal from its compounds.) The formulas for F2, NaCl, NaF, and Cl2 are written on the basis of the rules of chemical bonding (Chap. 5). [Pg.119]

With air in contact with the earth s surface, it is not surprising that several metals are found in ores that contain the metal oxide. Metal replacement reactions are possible because of differences in lattice energies and reduction potentials. One interesting reaction of this type is... [Pg.439]

Metallic nitrides, 17 199-201 uses for, 17 217-219 Metallic odor, 3 229t Metallic plutonium, 19 668 Metallic powders, for inks, 14 318 Metallic replacement, recovery of silver via, 22 654... [Pg.567]

Although, in principle, the chemistry here reported should be centered on the late transition metals, sometimes we will jump the frontier between late and middle or early transition metal since this line could be more or less diffuse and could change as a function of the history. At least seven different coordination modes have been identified (I-VII, Scheme 3) as the main bonding modes. In modes I and II the ylide behaves as neutral and monodentate, bonded exclusively through the Ca atom (kC mode) this is the case for simple ylides and carbodipho-sphoranes. Mode 111 covers the variants of a metallated ylide, that is, a situation in which the metal replaces a substituent of the ylide and transforms it into an anionic ligand. [Pg.19]

Chemical Recovery Cartridge Metallic Replacement Method... [Pg.115]

A study of methods for controlling the grafting sites of polystyrene polymers may serve as an example for the quantitative and structural analysis of the site of lithiation. Trimethylsilyl chloride serves as the quenching agent owing to the low incidence of side reactions besides metal replacement. Thus, on varying the conditions of metallation of low molecular weight polystyrene (409) and poly(4-methylstyrene) (410), aromatic and... [Pg.411]

Single replacement reactions in which metals replace other metals cire especially common. Not all single replacement reactions occur as written, though. You sometimes need to refer to a chart called the activity series to determine whether such a reaction will take place. [Pg.121]

The electrochemical replacement of one metal by another was noticed by Pliny in antiquity. He mentioned that iron looks like copper if it is smeared with vinegar or alum previously ground in a bronze mortar [275], Metal replacement seems to have also been used in the Roman era for tin-plating bronze, as well as underlying the recipes for the preparation of iron surfaces to receive amalgam gilding that are given in the 9th century [276],... [Pg.133]

The effect of metal replacement has not been established with certainty. Direct comparison of ferrocene complexes with analogous ruthenocene complexes is only possible for the parent compounds, with ruthenocene having a slightly larger cubic nonlinearity.1819 This result needs to be treated cautiously, as the technique employed (OPL) is susceptible to thermal contributions (see earlier) and the low nonlinearities of the complexes induce substantial errors. The differing fundamental frequencies employed... [Pg.370]

Application development for phenolics has been spurred by weight and cost savings inherent in metal replacement and parts consolidation. Thermoplastics have been replaced by phenolics where creep resistance and thermal stability are required in downsized parts or applications in hostile environments. [Pg.1275]

Mechanical Properties. The room temperature modulus and tensile strength are similar to those of other amorphous thermoplastics, but the impact strength and ductility are unusually high. Whereas most amorphous polymers arc glass-like and brittle below their glass-transition temperatures, polycarbonate remains ductile to about — 10°C. The stress-strain curve for polycarbonate typical of ductile materials, places it in an ideal position for use as a metal replacement. Weight savings as a metal replacement are substantial, because polycarbonate is only 44% as dense as aluminum and one-sixth as dense as steel. [Pg.1336]


See other pages where Metal replacement is mentioned: [Pg.140]    [Pg.459]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.281]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.267]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.20]    [Pg.1150]    [Pg.58]    [Pg.533]    [Pg.541]    [Pg.87]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.848]    [Pg.850]    [Pg.13]    [Pg.617]    [Pg.117]    [Pg.51]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.108]    [Pg.450]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.371]    [Pg.375]    [Pg.379]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.281]    [Pg.969]    [Pg.985]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.850 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.133 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.348 , Pg.349 , Pg.351 ]




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Applications metal replacement

Endocyclic imino protons, metal replacement

Exocyclic amino groups, metal replacement

Metal carbonyls carbonyl ligand replacement

Metal halides, replacement

Metal halides, replacement fluonne by other halogen

Metal replacement opportunities

Metal replacement strip

Metal surfaces: solder replacement stability

Metallic single replacement

Metals single-replacement reactions

Modern Alchemy Replacing Precious Metals with Iron in Catalytic Alkene and Carbonyl Hydrogenation Reactions

Replacement by other halogens alkali metal iodides

Replacement in Transition Metal Alkyl Compounds and Polymerization Activity

Replacement metal gate

Replacement of Heavy Metals

Replacement of Metal Parts

Replacement of a halogen by transition metal mediated coupling

Replacement of metal by deuterium

Replacement of metal fluondes

Replacement of metals

Replacement of metals by nitrogen

Replacement of metals by phosphorus

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