Additives, chemical, metalworking

With respect to the Agency, Section 5 of TSCA has made EPA more familiar with trends in the metalworking fluids industry, the chemical components of the fluids, and the interactions between the various components. Major trends in the industry are (1) a shift from the traditional oil-based to the rapidly growing water-based fluids (2) a shift from the use of the nitrosating agent nitrite as a rust inhibitor (3) the use of multifunctional additives and (4) the careful monitoring of various factors and additives associated with these fluids. 

Lubricants containing chlorinated hydrocarbons are typically used as antiseizure additives in the metalworking industry. Some chlorine-containing hydrocarbons function by producing iron chloride on the metal surface (Kotvis et al., 1991). The correlation between chemical reactivity and load carrying capacity of oil containing extreme pressure additives can be assumed to be as follows ... 

Chemical stability under conditions of use. The degreasing solvent must be able to withstand all of the stresses encountered in vapor degreasing. This includes exposure to heat, light, air, metal chips and fines, acidic salts, mildly alkaline and acidic metalworking lubricants, and moisture that may be brought in with the work or from atmospheric condensation. Resistance to these stresses can either be part of the inherent properties of a solvent or be accomplished through the addition of suitable stabilizers. 

Uses Prep, of dibasic acids and other chemicals intermediate for erucamide, esters, oleochem. mfg. PE film additive water-resistant nylon metalworking antifoams lubricant emulsifier corrosion inhibitor leather and rubber treatment paint drier textile auxiliary cosmetics pharmaceuticals flavors Manuf/Distrib. Aldrich Fallek Fluka Lutianhua Sigma Trade Names Prifrac 2990... 

Uses Chemical intermediate for surfactants, ethers, esters antifoam in fermentation, paints, ceramics, rubber binder and lubricant for ceramics metalworking lubricants textile lubricant plasticizer for plastics, resin-treated papers antiblooming agent for pentachlorophenol-treated wood hydraulic fluids dyeing latex coagulant emollient, solvent in cosmetics defoamer for food-grade coatings and paper prods. boiler water additive (food contact) in food-pkg. adhesives Features provides low odor, low irritation, low toxicity to personal care prods. ... 

Most workers are exposed to several metalworking fluids that may have undergone replacement since the onset of dermatitis. The names, batch numbers and manufacturers addresses must be obtained and enquiry made as to whether any other additives are added when the cutting fluid is in use. Other relevant factors to consider include machine-cleaning chemicals, protective metal coatings (Calnan 1978), solvents for removing oil from finished pieces, barrier creams, skin cleansers, protective equipment and domestic contact factors. 

Some biocides can be incorporated in metalworking fluid concentrates and have proven stability during storage. When diluted to appropriate levels, the biocide is available for use in the metalworking fluid. More often than not, biocide additions must be made directly into the use system since it is difficult to predict the rate of turnover of pre-treated metalworking fluid. The longevity of the fluid may exceed the usable life of the biocide. In other cases, biocides not compatible with fluid concentrates are added directly to the system. Some chemical species are incompatible with amines some are incompatible with sulfides some are sequestered by non-polar systems and removed from activity. 

Uses Emulsifier in cosmetics, food, textile chemical products, polymerizations, pulp and paper, metalworking, lubricants, agric. prods., paints, adhesives, oil additives, corrosion inhibitors... 

Uses Defoamer, wetting agent, deduster, demulsifier, detergent, dispersant, dye leveler, gellant, antistat syn. lubricant base fluid for metalworking and textile lubricants, chemical intermediates pulp and paper additive Properties APHA < 100 liq. sol. in water, aromatic soivs. m.w. 1900 sp.gr. 1.018 dens. 8.5 Ib/gal vise. 285 cps HLB 6.0 pour pt. -27 C cloud pt. 32 C (1% aq.) flash pt. (PMCC) >450 F ref. index 1.4516 surf. tens. 33.1 dynes/cm (0.1%) Ross-Miles foam 5 mm (0.1%) 100% cone. 

Uses Intermediate for textile foaming agents, surfactants, ethoxylates, agric. chemicals corrosion inhibitor for metalworking fluids additive for fuels, lubricants, petrol, refining crosslinking agent for epoxy resins Trade Names DA-16 Isoeicosane... 

Anedco, Inc. See Lubrizol Metalworking Additives ANGUS Chemical Co. 

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