Acrylic acid dimethyl

This process, to which the raw materials are suppHed at low pressures, is continuous and gives good yields of acrylates (see Acrylic acid and derivatives). In the presence of catalytic amounts of Co2(CO)g, acetylene has been carboxylated in methanol yielding dimethyl succinate as the principal product (135). 

The application of 3-aminopropyl phosphine (3) [41,46] as a building block for incorporation into -COOH functionalized frameworks provides an excellent example of the utility of preformed primary phosphine frameworks (Scheme 8) [46]. The reactions involved Michael addition of ferf-butyl acrylate to malonic acid dimethyl ester to produce the intermediate adduct, 2-methoxycarbonyl-pentanedioc acid 5-ferf-butyl ester 1-methyl ester, which upon treatment with trifluro-acetic acid (TFA) produced the corresponding diester acid,2-methoxy-carbonyl-pentanedioic acid 1-methyl ester, in near quantitative yield. It is remarkable to note that the reaction of NH2(CH2)3PH2 (3) with the diester acid is highly selective as the -COOH group remained unattacked whereas the reaction occurred smoothly and selectively at the -COOMe groups to pro-... 

ETHYLENE GLYCOL ETHYL MERCAPTAN DIMETHYL SULPHIDE ETHYL AMINE DIMETHYL AMIDE MONOETHANOLAMINE ETHYLENEDIAMINE ACRYLONITRILE PROPADIENE METHYL ACETYLENE ACROLEIN ACRYLIC ACID VINYL FORMATE ALLYL CHLORIDE 1 2 3-TRICHLOROPROPANE PROPIONITRILE CYCLOPROPANE PROPYLENE 1 2-DICHLOROPROPANE ACETONE ALLYL ALCOHOL PROPIONALDEHYDE PROPYLENE OXIDE VINYL METHYL ETHER PROPIONIC ACID ETHYL FORMATE METHYL ACETATE PROPYL CHLORIDE ISOPROPYL CHLORIDE PROPANE... 

Fig. 6.7. Viscosity sensitive fluorophores molecular rotors. DCVJ = 9-(dicyanovinyl)-julolidine, CCVJ = 9-(carboxy-2-cyano)vinyl julolidine, CMAM = 2-cyano-3-(p-dimethyl-aminophenyl)acrylic acid, methyl ester.

The residue is then placed in a modified Claisen flask (Org. Syn. 22, 11) and distilled under reduced pressure. Dimethyl-acrylic acid distils at 100-106°/20 mm. The yield of white solid is 49-53 g. (49-53 per cent of the theoretical amount). This product melts at 60-65°. It may be further purified by recrystallization from petroleum ether (b.p., 60-70°) or water (Note 5). 

Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), cellulose solvent (with lithium chloride), 5 384 N, N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 23 703 extractive distillation solvent, 8 802 solvent for cotton, 8 21 N, AA-Dimethylacrylamide (DMA), 20 487 P,P-Dimethyl acrylic acid, physical properties, 5 35t Dimethylallylamine, 2 247... 

Methyl-2-butenoic (P,P-dimethyl acrylic) acid, physical properties, 5 35t... 

Fig. 11 Chemical formulas of poly(acryl amide) (PAAm), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA), poly(t-butyl acrylate) (PtBA), and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and poly(dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA)...

PS—polystyrene, PMMA—poly(methyl methacrylate), PMA—poly(methyl acrylate), PDMAEMA—poly((Nd f-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate), PDMA—poly( dimethyl-acrylamide), P(t-BA)—poly(tert-butyl acrylate), PAA—poly(acrylic acid), PPFS—poly (pentafluorostyrene), PHFA—poly(heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate)... 

Xu S, Zhao H, Tang T, Dong L, Huang B. Effect and mechanism in compatibilization of poly(styrene-l)-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) diblock copolymer in poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)/poly(ethylene-ran-acrylic acid) blends. Polymer 1999 40 1537-1545. 

Drymariatin, a C-2-substituted derivative, is known as glycoside only (Drymaria diandra, Caryophyllaceae). Another C-2-substituted flavone, hoslundal, was earlier reported from Hoslunda (Lamiaceae). From species of Cassia (Fabaceae), flavones with a C-6-acrylic acid substituent were isolated. This substitution pattern appears to be quite unique. Hoslundal, torosaflavone D, and its dimethyl derivative (for formulae see Figure 12.1) were all detected in either leaves or aerial parts, but not indicated as exudate compounds. 

Another complex obtained by template polymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate in the presence of polyCacrylic acid) was synthesized and analyzed by Abd-Ellatif. The procedure of separation was as follows to the complex dissolved in 10% NaCl solution, 10% NaOH solution was added dropwise and white gel was precipitated. Addition of sodium hydroxide was continued until no more precipitate was separated. The soluble polymer after dialysis was dried and identified as poly(acrylic acid). The insoluble polymer fraction was found to be insoluble in toluene, benzene, tetrahydrofurane, but soluble in acetone/water (2 1 v/v). Elemental analysis and IR spectra lead to the conclusion that this fraction consists of pure poly(dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) which was expected as a daughter polymer. 

For (a), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) (6-8), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) (9,10), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) (9), and poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) (11) are usually employed. Ober et al. reported that the copolymers of isobutylene/isoprene and various methacrylates, which have weak polarity, are appropriate stabilizers for... 

The synthesis of acrylic acid or its ester (228) from ethylene has been investigated in AcOH from the standpoint of its practical production 12]. The carbonylation of styrene is a promising commercial process for cinnamate (229) production[207,213,214]. Asymmetric carbonylation of styrene with Pd(acac)2 and benzoquinone in the presence of TsOH using 2,2 -dimethoxy-6, 6 -bis(diphenylphosphino)biphenyl (231) as a chiral ligand gave dimethyl phenylsuccinate 230 in 93% ee, although the yield was not satisfactory, showing that phosphine coordination influences the stereochemical course of the oxidative carbonylation with Pd(II) salt[215]. 

ABA ABS ABS-PC ABS-PVC ACM ACS AES AMMA AN APET APP ASA BR BS CA CAB CAP CN CP CPE CPET CPP CPVC CR CTA DAM DAP DMT ECTFE EEA EMA EMAA EMAC EMPP EnBA EP EPM ESI EVA(C) EVOH FEP HDI HDPE HIPS HMDI IPI LDPE LLDPE MBS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-polycarbonate alloy Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene-poly(vinyl chloride) alloy Acrylic acid ester rubber Acrylonitrile-chlorinated pe-styrene Acrylonitrile-ethylene-propylene-styrene Acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate Acrylonitrile Amorphous polyethylene terephthalate Atactic polypropylene Acrylic-styrene-acrylonitrile Butadiene rubber Butadiene styrene rubber Cellulose acetate Cellulose acetate-butyrate Cellulose acetate-propionate Cellulose nitrate Cellulose propionate Chlorinated polyethylene Crystalline polyethylene terephthalate Cast polypropylene Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride Chloroprene rubber Cellulose triacetate Diallyl maleate Diallyl phthalate Terephthalic acid, dimethyl ester Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer Ethylene-ethyl acrylate Ethylene-methyl acrylate Ethylene methacrylic acid Ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer Elastomer modified polypropylene Ethylene normal butyl acrylate Epoxy resin, also ethylene-propylene Ethylene-propylene rubber Ethylene-styrene copolymers Polyethylene-vinyl acetate Polyethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers Fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers Hexamethylene diisocyanate High-density polyethylene High-impact polystyrene Diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane Isophorone diisocyanate Low-density polyethylene Linear low-density polyethylene Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene... 

Step 2 Hofmann elimination/Michael addition equilibrations. Acrylic acid functions as an efficient and selective trap for dimethyl amine vs. tert-butylamine, allowing for facile control of the equilibrium between 1 and 2. 

Figure 4. Synthesis of precocene. Reaction of an appropriate phenol with dimethyl acrylic acid and polypnosphoric acid (PPA) on the steam bath gives the chromanone in quantitative yield. Reduction with lithium aluminum hydride (LAH) and brief treatment with 4N hydrochloriic acid gives the chromene.

PHMPA = poly(N,N-dimethyl-N N N"N"-tetramethylenephosphoric triamide), PM A A = poly-(methacrylic acid), PVPo = poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), P2VP = poly(2-vinylpyridine), PEO = polyethylene oxide), PEI = poly(ethylenimine), PA Am = poly (acrylamide), PVA = poly (vinyl alcohol), PAA = poly(acrylic acid), PGA = poly(L-glutamic acid), P4VP = poly(4-vinylpyridine)... 

Yang H, McTaggart AR, Davidson AT, Burton H (1994) Measurement of acrylic acid and dimethyl sulfide in Antarctic coastal water during a summer bloom of Phae-ocystis pouchetii. the NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology, no. 7. National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, pp 43-52... 

---