Acetone-butanol-ethanol

Acetone-butanol Acetone, butanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butyric acid, acetic acid, C02, H2 Some Clostridium spp. (C. acetobutyicum)... 

Commodity Chemicals acetic acid, acetone, butanol, ethanol, many other products from biomass conversion processes. 

Grube, M. Gapes, J.R. 8t Schuster, K.C., Application of quantitative IR spectral analysis of bacterial cells to acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation monitoring Anal. Chim. Acta 2002, 471, 127-133. 

Corn steep liquor (CSL), a byproduct of the com wet-milling process, was used in an immobilized cell continuous biofilm reactor to replace the expensive P2 medium ingredients. The use of CSL resulted in the production of 6.29 g/L of total acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) as compared with 6.86 g/L in a control experiment. These studies were performed at a dilution rate of 0.32 hr1. The productivities in the control and CSL experiment were 2.19 and 2.01 g/(Lh), respectively. Although the use of CSL resulted in a 10% decrease in productivity, it is viewed that its application would be economical compared to P2 medium. Hence, CSL may be used to replace the P2 medium. It was also demonstrated that inclusion of butyrate into the feed was beneficial to the butanol fermentation. A control experiment produced 4.77 g/L of total ABE, and the experiment with supplemented sodium butyrate produced 5.70 g/L of total ABE. The butanol concentration increased from 3.14 to 4.04 g/L. Inclusion of acetate in the feed medium of the immobilized cell biofilm reactor was not found to be beneficial for the ABE fermentation, as reported for the batch ABE fermentation. 

Cell concentration in the reactor effluent was estimated by optical density (OD) and cell dry weight method using a predetermined correlation between OD at 540 nm and cell dry weight. Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) and acids (acetic and butyric) were measured using a 6890 Hewlett-Packard gas chromatograph (Hewlett-Packard, Avondale, PA) equipped with a flame ionization detector and 6 ft x 2 mm glass column (10% CW-20M, 0.01% H3P04, support 80/100 Chromosorb WAW). Productivity was calcu-... 

We explored the influence of dilution rate and pH in continuous cultures of Clostridium acetobutylicum. A 200-mL fibrous bed bioreactor was used to produce high cell density and butyrate concentrations at pH 5.4 and 35°C. By feeding glucose and butyrate as a cosubstrate, the fermentation was maintained in the solventogenesis phase, and the optimal butanol productivity of 4.6 g/(L h) and a yield of 0.42 g/g were obtained at a dilution rate of 0.9 h1 and pH 4.3. Compared to the conventional acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation, the new fermentation process greatly improved butanol yield, making butanol production from corn an attractive alternative to ethanol fermentation. 

Fig. 2. Kinetics of continuous ABE fermentation at various dilution rates and pH 4.3. Glucose and OD are on the right axis acetone, butanol, ethanol, acetate, and butyrate are on the left axis. (A) Reactor L (B) reactor R.

Ezeji, T.C., Qureshi, N. and Blaschek, H.P. 2004. Acetone Butanol Ethanol (ABE) Production from Concentrated Substrate Reduction in Substrate Inhibition by Fed-Batch Technique and Product Inhibition by Gas Stripping. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 63,653-658. 

ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins Acetone butanol ethanol... 

Processes for production of ethanol and acetone-butanol-ethanol mixture from fermentation products in membrane contactor devices were presented in Refs. [88,89]. Recovery of butanol from fermentation was reported in Ref. [90]. Use of composite membrane in a membrane reactor to separate and recover valuable biotechnology products was discussed in Refs. [91,92]. A case study on using membrane contactor modules to extract small molecular weight compounds of interest to pharmaceutical industry was shown in Ref. [93]. Extraction of protein and separation of racemic protein mixtures were discussed in Refs. [94,95]. Extractions of ethanol and lactic acid by membrane solvent extraction are reported in Refs. [96,97]. A membrane-based solvent extraction and stripping process was discussed in Ref. [98] for recovery of Phenylalanine. Extraction of aroma compounds from aqueous feed solutions into sunflower oil was investigated in Ref. [99]. 

Shukla R, Kang W, and Sirkar KK, Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) production in a novel hoUow Hber fermentor-extractor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 1989, 34, 1158-1166. 

Banat, F.A. and Al-Shannag, M. Recovery of dilute acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) solvents from aqueous solutions using membrane distillation, Bioproc. Eng., 23(6), 643, 2000. 

Acetone-butanol-ethanol (3 6 1) mixture by anaerobic fermentation of glucose Clostridium acetobutylicum... 

A. Mulchandani and B. Volesky, Production of Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol by Clostridium Acetobutilicum, ]. Biotechnology, 34, 51-60, Apr. 30 (1994). 

For the ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation, PV-coupled MRs have been described using a... 

Cooksley, C.M., Zhang, Y, Wang, H., Redl, S. et al (2012) Targeted mutagenesis of the Clostridium acetobutylicum acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation pathway. Metab. Eng., 14, 630-641. 

Liu, H. et al (2015) Integrated, systems metabolic picture of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum. 

Fiiedl A, Qureshi N, Maddox IS. 1991. Continuous acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation using immobilized cells of C. acetobutylicum in a packed bed reactor and integration with product removal by pervaporation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 38 518-527. 

Vrana DL, Meagher MM, Hutkins RW, Duffield B. 1993. Pervaporation of model acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation product solutions using polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. Sep. Sci. Technol. 28 2167-2178. 

Liu F, Liu L, Feng X. 2005. Separation of acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) from dilute aqueous solutions by pervaporation. Sep. Purif. Technol. 42 273-282. 

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