Academic-industry relationships

A second question asked in the survey measured possible ways the administrators believed their companies could best promote closer academic-industrial relationships. Following are results relating topic, -useful and, lastly, -which would actively support that mode Industrial Speakers for Academic Seminars - 88, 45 Academic Speakers for Industrial Seminars - 53 28 Industrial-Academic Workshops - 40, 12 Additional ACS Symposia -22, 8 Short Courses in Industrial Location - 43, 15 Short Courses at a College - 42, 17 Short Courses at National ACS Meeting -22, 5 Sabbatical and/or Summer Research Programs -38, 18 Joint Research Projects - 43, 18 Grants or Contracts for... 

Griffin, R. W. and Beidler, L. M. (1984). Studies in canine olfaction, taste and feeding a summing up and some comments on the academic-industrial relationship. Neuroscience and BioBehavioral Reviews 8,261-263. 

University-Industry Relationships-Dangers for Academic Research Bok, Dickson, Lepkowskl, Servos... 

It is commonly asserted that the German chemical industry achieved world leadership during the late nineteenth century in large part because it was the first to develop a truly symbiotic relationship with German academic chemists—i.e., a close, mutually profitable cooperation on many levels. Yet many aspects of that cooperation and the origins of industrial research itself remain obscure, their details only beginning to emerge from industrial and academic archives. Despite a few useful earlier studies, until recently the development of the academic-industrial symbiosis after 1914 was even... 

At the turn of the century, the academic-industrial symbiosis still primarily consisted of its classical core, which had developed in the course of the nineteenth century, mainly in the coal-tar dye industry. That core lay in a threefold relationship, each dimension reinforcing the other. The first dimension grew out of personal ties between industrial chemists and their friends and collaborators in academe, often former mentors as exemplified in the relationship of A. W. von Hofmann and Carl Martius of the AG fiir Anilinfabrikation (Agfa) dye works these ties were maintained and formalized by professional organizations like the Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft (DCG or German Chemical Society, fd. 1867) and the Verein Deutscher Chemiker (VDC or Association of German Chemists, fd. 1887 as... 

There is a huge and still growing literature focusing on university-industry relationships. The objective of this section is to show how our contribution relates to this literature. We do not pretend that our scheme is exhaustive, but we think that an appropriate way to present the different approaches is to focus on the three elements that characterise university-industry relationships. The first element concerns firms. Several studies have looked at the economic impact of scientific research on the private sector the importance of the university as an external source of information used by firms to innovate and the characteristics of firms that benefit from academic research. The second approach is to study the channels used by both actors - university and industry -to exchange information, and the conditions favouring or blocking these interactions. The third approach focuses on universities and analyses the influence of these alliances on their evolution. 

MMP inhibitor development constitutes an important branch of research in both academic and industrial settings and advances our knowledge on the structure-function relationship of these enzymes. Targeting... 

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are a key component in PEM fuel cells (PEMECs) and an area of active research in commercial, government, and academic institutions. In this chapter, the review of PEM materials is divided into two sections. The first will cover the most important properties of a membrane in order for it to perform adequately within a PEMFC. The latter part of this chapter will then provide an overview of existing PEM materials from both academic and industrial research facilities. Wherever possible, the membranes will also be discussed with respect to known structure-property relationships. 

The status of chemists in the eyes of executives was boosted by the successes of chemists in fields such as plastics, petrochemicals, and synthetic textiles. The industry s growing demand for trained chemists forged a new relationship with many academic chemistry departments. For example, universities supplied industry with chemists and with basic research to supplement work done in industrial laboratories. In turn, industry provided financial support to chemistry departments. Many of the increasing number of chemistry students in American universities were supported by pre- and post- doctoral fellowships from chemical corporations (Thackray et al., 1985). 

There can be no question that some very wonderful, exciting, extremely important, and productive research has been and is being done within the pharmaceutical industry. However, 1 do not think that it would detract in any way from these fine and worthwhile activities to point out that much that is called research in the pharmaceutical industry has little relationship to what most people engaged in academic and research activities would consider to be scientific research. ... 

The methods used for catalyst library design are quite divers. Industrial companies, like Symix, Avantium, hte GmbH, Bayer AG are using their own proprietary methods. In academic research the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is widely applied [11,12]. Recently Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and its combination with GA has been reported [13,14]. In these studies ANNs have been used for the establishment of composition-activity relationships. 

Methods based on quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) have been available for some time now and have become more or less standard empirical techniques since the appearance in the literature of van Krevelen s now classic book currently in its third edition. All these methodologies take advantage of the vast databases of experimental data that have been accumulated over the years by mainly industrial but also by academic laboratories. The methodology described by van Krevelen is based on group contribution methods and it works satisfactorily for those polymers for which information on group contributions exists. 

Various approaches to self-regulation have heen taken hy different physicians organizations. However, a review of these approaches reveals general themes. In most cases, the primary justification for having a direct relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and individual physicians seems to he based on the premise that an advancement of patient healthcare will occur through increased education and research. This assumes that the information provided to the physician is impartial and also disregards the capacity of physicians to keep themselves up to date about advances in drug therapy by way of medical and other academic journals. 

Chemical synthesis may be the first consideration in addressing the supply issue. However, the complexity of many marine natural products often eliminates this as an alternative. Even if synthesis is possible, a distinction must be made between academic and industrial syntheses, the latter necessarily being straightforward and low cost.2 Medicinal chemistry techniques and structure-activity relationship studies might identify analogs or the pharmacophore responsible for the activity. 

---