A - methacrylamide

Silica particles derivatized with a chiral selector ((teicoplanin aglycone (TAG)) and polymerized with a methacrylamide... 

Fig. 2 Preparation of a polymer-drug conjugate from the copolymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide and a methacrylamide-functionalized peptide-based monomer [27]...

The pin consists of a radiation-grafted polypropylene crown fitted to an inert polypropylene stem . Graft polymers used with the Multipin system include polystyrene, a methacrylamide copolymer (38), and poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (34) (HEMA). We have found that the HEMA surface is best suited to peptide synthesis. Historically, peptides were prepared in a non-cleavable format on the crown surface for epitope mapping applications (39). Over the past decade, however, most peptides prepared by the Multipin method have been synthesized on cleavable linkers. The linkers used for peptide synthesis are outlined below. 

Enzymatic synthesis of a methacrylamide-type polyester macromonomer was reported (80,81). In the polymerization of 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid in the presence of 11-methacryloylaminoundecanoic acid using lipase CC or Candida antarctica lipase (lipase CA) as catalyst, the polymerizable group was quantitatively incorporated into terminal of the poljmier chain. 

Structural control of polymer terminals has been extensively studied since terminal-functionalized polymers, typically macromonomers and telechelics, are often used as prepolymers for the synthesis of fimctional polymers. The enzymatic polymerization of 12-hydroxydodecanoic acid in the presence of ll-methacryloylaminoundecanoic acid conveniently produced a methacrylamide-type polyester macromonomer [119,120]. Lipases CA and CC were active for the macromonomer synthesis. 

Sahota, T., Tomlins, R, Taylor, M.J., 2015. Long-term stability of glucose responsive dextran methacrylate-concanavalin A methacrylamide gels as part of an implantable artificial pancreas. Int. J. Polym. Mater. Polym. Biomater. 64 (18), 946-954. 

Efficient acetalization of alkenes bearing various EWG with an optically active 1.3-diol 72 proceeds smoothly utilizing PdCN, CuCI. and O2 in DME to give the 1,3-dioxane 73[113], Methacrylamide bearing 4-t-butyloxazolidin-2-one 74 as a chiral auxiliary reacts with MeOH in the presence of PdCE catalyst... 

Catalysts. Silver and silver compounds are widely used in research and industry as catalysts for oxidation, reduction, and polymerization reactions. Silver nitrate has been reported as a catalyst for the preparation of propylene oxide (qv) from propylene (qv) (58), and silver acetate has been reported as being a suitable catalyst for the production of ethylene oxide (qv) from ethylene (qv) (59). The solubiUty of silver perchlorate in organic solvents makes it a possible catalyst for polymerization reactions, such as the production of butyl acrylate polymers in dimethylformamide (60) or the polymerization of methacrylamide (61). Similarly, the solubiUty of silver tetrafiuoroborate in organic solvents has enhanced its use in the synthesis of 3-pyrrolines by the cyclization of aHenic amines (62). 

However, binding the antioxidant chemically to the elastomer chain by copolymeri2ation or grafting is a better solution to this problem. The addition of /V-(4-ani1ino-pheny1)methacrylamide [22325-96-8] (38) to a polymeri2ation recipe for NBR mbber produces a polymer with a built-in antioxidant resistant to extraction (23). 

One of the most important appHcations of this process is that of methyl methacrylate manufacture. In this process (81), acetone cyanohydrin is treated with sulfuric acid at 100°C, affording the corresponding methacrylamide sulfate which is esterified with methanol. After purification, methyl methacrylate (99.8% purity) is obtained in a yield of ca 85%. 

The cyanohydrin is then treated with 98% sulphuric acid in a cooled hydrolysis kettle to yield methacrylamide sulphate (Figure 15.3)... 

Recently, Si et al. [59,60] have investigated the synthesis of polymerizable amines, such as N-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) acrylamide(DMAPAA) and N-(3-dimeth-ylaminopropyl) methacrylamide (DMAPMA), and their copolymerization reaction. DMAPAA or DMAPMA in conjunction with ammonium persulfate was used as a redox initiator for vinyl polymerization. Copolymers having amino pendant groups, such as copolymer of... 

By means of a ring-opening polymerization of the condensation type Vlasov et al. [50] synthesized polypeptide based MAIs with azo groups in the polymeric backbone. The method is based on the reaction of a hydracide derivative of AIBN and a N-carboxy anhydride. Containing one central azo group in the polymer main chain, the polymeric azo initiator was used for initiating block copolymerizations of styrene and various methacrylamides. 

It should be noted that the manifestation of macro- and heteroreticulation is also observed for other carboxylic CP. A similar picture was obtained for weakly alkaline CP based on the derivatives of methacrylamide with HHTT [26]. 

Chemicals like polyorthoaminophenol, diphenylamine in small amounts have been found to decrease the yield of cross-linking [388]. The tensile strength of the carbon black-filled polychloroprene compounds has been found to be comparable to the conventional thermally cured one. The physical properties [389] have been observed to improve on adding cross-linking promoters like A,A -hexamethylene-bis-methacrylamide into the polymer matrix. 

A polymeric composition for reducing fluid loss in drilling muds and well cement compositions is obtained by the free radical-initiated polymerization of a water-soluble vinyl monomer in an aqueous suspension of lignin, modified lignins, lignite, brown coal, and modified brown coal [705,1847]. The vinyl monomers can be methacrylic acid, methacrylamide, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, vinylacetate, methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, N-methylmethacrylamide, N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide, vinyl sulfonate, and additional AMPS. In this process a grafting process to the coals by chain transfer may occur. 

A copolymer of N,N-dimethylacrylamide and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, a monocarboxylic acid, and ethanolamine may serve to increase the viscosity of diesel or kerosene [846]. 

Figure 17-24. Monomers in a copolymer for viscosifying diesel N,N-dimethyl-acrylamide and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide.

N-methylol acrylamide or N-methylol methacrylamide can be polymerized with peroxides to obtain plugging [1079,1080]. Suitable inhibitors may be used as retarders of the polymerization process to ensure sufficient pot life time. The components are in the form of a preemulsion. 

One of the most successful conjugate polymer systems was developed by Duncan and Kopecek (25). The polymer carrier used in their system is poly [N(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] a biocompatible polymer that was originally developed as a plasma extender. They have evaluated a number of polymer conjugated drugs for cancer chemotherapy with interesting results. The attachment of the drug is through a peptidyl spacer pendent to the polymer backbone. These peptides links are stable in aqueous media but are readily hydrolyzed intracellularly... 

For the preparation of poly(methacrylamide), the poly(methacrylic acid) is converted with CDI into a polymer imidazolide, which reacts with an amine to give the corresponding polyamide [156M157]... 

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