Water-soluble vitamins simultaneous determination

SONG w o, BEECHER G R and eitenmiller R R (2000), Modern Analytical Methodologies In Fat- and Water-soluble Vitamins. Chichester, Wiley. sprenger c, galensa r and jensen d (1999), Simultaneous determination of cellobiose, maltose and maltotriose in fruit juices by high-performance liquid chromatography with biosensor detection , Dtsch Lebensm Rundsch, 95, 499-504. 

The water-soluble vitamins are a highly diverse group of compounds with differing physicochemical properties. A single vitamin generally consists of several vitamers, or chemical species, each of which exhibits the same biological activity in vivo. Individual vitamers with the same biological functions often exhibit vastly different physicochemical properties. This necessitates unique extraction and separation procedures for each vitamin. As a result, each vitamin is considered individually in this chapter. A section on methods that determine multiple vitamins simultaneously is also included. 

E. Postaire, M. Cisse, M. D. le Hoang, and D. Pradeau, Simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins by over-pressure layer chromatography and photodensitometric detection, J. Pharm. Sci., 80 368(1991). 

A. Amin, High-performance liquid chromatography of water-soluble vitamins. II. Simultaneous determination of vitamins B-l, B-2, B-6, and B-12 in pharmaceutical preparations, J. Chromatogr., 590 448 (1987). 

At present, much effort is being devoted to simultaneous separation and detection of water-soluble vitamins. Undoubtedly, multiple water-vitamin analysis using LC as a separation method is effective with RP ion pair chromatography with acidified methanol or acetonitrile water as the mobile phase. Detection is performed using combined systems such as UV absorbance and fluorescence systems, depending on the vitamins to be determined. Analysis in real food... 

An overpressured layer chromatographic procedure, with photodensitometric detection for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin pharmaceutical preparations, was developed and evaluated. HPTLC on silica gel plates with 1-butanol-pyridine-water (50 35 15 vol/vol) as mobile phase was used. The quantitation was carried out without derivatization [vitamin B2 (Rf value 0.30), vitamin Bg (Rf value 0.64), folic acid (Rf value 0.37), nicotinamide (Rf value 0.80), and vitamin C (Rf value 1.02)] or after spraying ninhydrin reagent [calcium panthothenate (Rf value 0.72)] or 4-demethylaminocin-namaldehyde [vitamin B12 (Rf value 1.84) and biotin (Rf value 0)]. 

Today, HPLC is used as a reference technique to analyze any type of vitamin [25]. This technique possesses simultaneous detection and determination of vitamins in one sample [17]. HPLC is often used for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of water-soluble vitamin and fat-soluble vitamin in biological matrices such as plasma and urine [26-28]. 

The UPLC-MS/MS method has also been developed for fast simultaneous separation and determination of 14 different water-soluble vitamins and vitamin-like compounds in infant formula (thiamine, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, pyridoxal, biotin, fohc acid, cyanocobalamin, ascorbic acid, L-camitine, choline, and taurine) [91], Methotrexate was also used as an internal standard for riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, biotin, and folic acid, while nicotinamide was used as an internal standard for the other compounds. 

Gentih, A., Caretti, E, D Ascenzo, G., Marchese, S., Perret, D., Corcia, D., and Rocca, L. 2008. Simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in selected food matrices by hqnid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 22 2029-2043. 

Lu, B., Ren, Y, Huang, B., Liao, W., Cai, Z., and Tie, X. 2008. Simultaneous determination of four water-soluble vitamins in fortified infant foods by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 46 225-232. 

Zhang, H., Chen, S., Liao, W., and Ren, Y. 2009. Fast simultaneous determination of multiple water-soluble vitamins and vitamin like compounds in infant formula by UPLC-MS/MS. J. Food Agric. Environ. 7 88—93. 

Vidovic, S., Stojanovic, B., Veljkovic, J., and Prazic-Arsic, L., 2008. Simultaneous determination of some water-soluble vitamins and preservatives in multivitamin syrup by validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method. Journal of Chromatography A. 1202 155-162. 

Zafra-Gomez, A., Garballo, A., Morales, J.C., and Garcia-Ayuso. F.E., 2006. Simultaneous determination of eight water-soluble vitamins in supplemented foods by liquid chromatography. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 54 4531-4536. 

Chen, P., Chen, B., and Yao S., 2006. High-performance liquid chromato-graphy/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of taurine and 10 water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin tablets. Analytica Chimica Acta. 569 169-175. 

Chen, P., and Wolf, W.R., 2007. LC/UV/MS-MRM for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in mnlti-vitamin dietary supplements. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 387 2441-2448. 

An overpressured layer chromatographic procedure with photodensitometric detection for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in multivita-o min pharmaceutical preparations, was developed and evaluated.HPTLC on silica gel plates with 1 butanol-pyridine-water (50 35 15 vol/vol) as mobil phase was used. The quantitation was carried out without ... 

The simultaneous determination of the B vitamins, thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxal, pyridoxine, and pyridoxamine in a pharmaceutical product using CZE was described by Huopalahti and Sunell (90). Hydrochlorid acid was used for the extraction of the vitamins from the multivitamin-multimineral tablet. The applied potential was 6.0 kV, and a 75-p.m fused-silica capillary tubing was used. The electrolyte used was a 20-mM sodium phosphate buffer pH 9.0. A clear separation of standards as well as of the pharmaceutical sample is shown in Figure 14. This method appears to be a fast and simple technique for the simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in pharmaceutical products, where the... 

Y Maeda, M Yamamoto, K Owada, S Sato, T Masui, H Nakazawa. Simultaneous liquid chromatographic determination of water-soluble vitamins, caffeine, and preservative in oral liquid tonics. J AO AC Int 72 244—247, 1989. 

Vitamin analyses in elemental diets are frequently required for process and quality control. Van der Horst et al. developed reversed phase methodology to determine the water-soluble vitamins, including PN, in total parenteral nutrition solutions (103). Iwase described a HPLC method to analyze the aqueous extract from an elemental pediatric diet for PN and nicotinamide (104). Chromatography involved a two-column, double-UV detector system to allow simultaneous determination of both PN and nicotinamide (104). 

There is an obvious interest in the development of analytical methods able to determine multiple vitamins simultaneously. Nevertheless, as it has been described in this section, each water-soluble vitamin has different optimum conditions for extraction and analysis. Therefore, the most commonly employed strategy is the development of protocols for different groups of vitamins that can be simultaneously and properly analyzed under the same analytical conditions, grouping vitamins that can be treated and extracted imder the same conditions. For instance, the combination of a RP separation coupled to different detectors, namely, UV, fluorescence, and MS, allows the simultaneous determination of vitamins Bi, B2, B3, B6, B9, pantothenic acid, biotin, and vitamin C [7]. 

Chen P, Atkinson R, Wolf WR. Single-laboratory validation of a HPLC-DAD-FD/MS method for simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in multivitamin dietary tablets. AOAC Int 2009 92 680-8. 

Goldschmidt RJ, Wolf WR. Simultaneous determination of water-soluble vitamins in SRM 1849 infant/adult nutritional formula powder by liquid chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010 397 471—81. 

A review on methods for analysis of urinary glycosaminoglycans has covered electrophoresis of enzymically produced di- and oligosaccharides. Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, which is equivalent to capillary zone electrophoresis with a surfactant added to the carrier electrolyte, has been used with u.v. detection for the simultaneous determination of seven water-soluble vitamins including vitamin C and riboflavin phosphate. ... 

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