Waste organic chemical

Biodegradable waste Sewage Food waste Organic chemicals... 

C WAO [Catalytic Wet Atmospheric Oxidation] A general name for catalytic processes for destroying waste organic chemicals in water by atmospheric oxidation. First operated by DuPont in the 1950s. Such processes can also be used for selective organic syntheses. 

Adsorption by organic matter is a key factor in the behavior of many compounds introduced into soils and sediments as pesticides or noxious waste organic chemicals. Bioactivity, persistence, biodegradability, teachability. 

Cyanide Wastes. Ozone is employed as a selective oxidant in laboratory-scale synthesis (7) and in commercial-scale production of specialty organic chemicals and intermediates such as fragrances, perfumes (qv), flavors, antibiotics (qv), hormones (qv), and vitamins (qv). In Japan, several metric tons per day (t/d) of piperonal [120-57-0] (3,4-methylenedioxybenzaldehyde) is manufactured in 87% yield via ozonolysis and reduction of isosafrole [93-16-3], Piperonal (or heHotropine [120-57-0]) has a pleasant odor and is used in perfumery. Oleic acid [112-80-1/, CH3(CH2 )7CH—CH(CH2 ). C02H, from tall oil (qv) is ozonated on a t/d scale to produce pelargonic, GgH2yG02H, and azelaic, H02G(GH2)yG02H, acids. Oleic acid also is ozonated in Japan... 

TOXIC WASTE Poisonous waste, usually certain organic chemicals such as chlorinated solvents. 

Wastes from petroleum refining, natural gas purification and pyrolitic treatment of coal Wastes from inorganic chemical processes Wastes from organic chemical processes... 

Inorganic waste Waste material such as sand, salt, iron, calcium, and other mineral materials which are only slightly affected by the action of organisms. Inorganic wastes are chemical substances of mineral origin whereas organic wastes are chemical substances usually of animal or plant origin. 

Trade association of manufacturers of organic chemicals that represents the interests of its members before the public and government agencies, including matters concerning hazardous waste, occupational safety and health, toxic substances control, safe drinking watery and concerns regarding specific chemicals its members handle. 

Haggblom MM, RJ Valo (1995) Bioremedation of chlorophenol wastes. In Microbial Transformation and Degradation of Toxic Organic Chemicals (Eds LY Young and CE Cerniglia), pp. 389-434. Wiley-Liss, New York, USA. 

Membrane process for recovery of valuable organic chemicals from aqueous waste streams containing electrolytes... 

The major potential uses of wastes in cementing technology are summarized in Table 10-16. There are many Russian patents dealing with the use of wastes from the production of organic chemicals as cement additives. 

Sawhney BL. 1989. Movement of organic chemicals through landfill and hazardous waste disposal sites. In Reactions and movement of organic chemicals in soils. SSSA Special Publication no. 22, 447-474. 

Petrochemical recovered oil. Organic chemical manufacturing facilities sometimes recover oil from their organic chemical industry operations. U.S. EPA excluded petrochemical recovered oil from the definition of solid waste when the facility inserts the material into the petroleum-refining process of an associated or adjacent petroleum refinery. Only petrochemical recovered oil that is hazardous because it exhibits the characteristic of ignitability or exhibits the toxicity characteristic for benzene (or both) is eligible for the exclusion. 

The sources, amounts, and composition of injected hazardous wastes are a matter of record, because the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)5,14 requires hazardous waste to be manifested (i.e., a record noting the generator of the waste, its composition or characteristics, and its volume must follow the waste load from its source to its ultimate disposal site). The sources and amounts of injected hazardous waste can be determined, therefore, based on these records. Table 20.2 shows the estimated volume of deep-well-injected wastes by industrial category.3 More than 11 billion gallons of hazardous waste were injected in 1983. Organic chemicals (51%) and petroleum-refining and petrochemical products (25%) accounted for three-quarters of the volume of injected wastes that... 

The organic chemical industry, the food processing industry, the pulp and paper industry, the textile industry, and the petroleum industry are important industries that produce organic process wastes. Unlike inorganic process wastes, they contain dissolved and insoluble matter in the main wastewater stream thus, they are more difficult to handle for disposal. They have its characteristic biological problems and spontaneous interaction with the surrounding environment, particularly, under high solar radiation. 

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