Waste Collection and Disposal

Paint spraying and coating Use of highly flammable liquids Waste collection and disposal... 

Solid waste collection and disposal. People have an environment that is acceptably uncontaminated by solid waste, including medical waste, and have the means to dispose of their domestic waste conveniently and effectively. 

Waste collected and disposed by, or on behalf of a local authority. A lai e percentage of MSW will be household waste. 

Do not dispose of gasoline down the drain, into surface water, onto the ground, or in the trash. Use the local hazardous waste collection and disposal location for safe and convenient disposal of excess or old gasoline. 

LCA does not provide universally valid answers, but can provide answers to specific and well-formulated questions. The environmental performance of bioplastic applications depend upon many different parameters. These include the type of bioplastics used, the raw materials which they originate from, the production and conversion technology, the transport means and distances, and the type of application, as well as the waste collection and disposal or recycling system. As remarked also by European Bioplastics, it is not possible to make generalisations such as bioplastics are better or worse than other materials . 

In addition, Swedish legislation sets minimum requirements for the treatment of WEEE. The Swedish Ordinance on waste collection and disposal in effect since January 1,1999 (section 25 of the waste ordinance) contains a provision forbidding the landfill, incineration, and shredding of electronic waste unless it is treated by a certified pretreatment facility. The Regulations, which went into effect July 2001, lay down minimum requirements for treatment facilities, including separate handling of CRT, LCDs, and plastic containing PBB or PBDE. 

Disposal The final func tional element in the sohd-waste-management system is disposal. Disposal is the ultimate fate of all solid wastes, whether they are wastes collected and transported direc tly to a landfQl site, semisolid wastes (sludge) from industrial treatment plants and air-pollution-control devices, incinerator residue, compost, or other substances from various solid-waste processing plants that are of no further use. 

The generation of hazardous wastes by spillage must also be considered. The quantities of hazardous wastes that are involved in spiUage usually are not known. After a spUl, the wastes requiring collection and disposal are often significantly greater than the amount of spiUed wastes, especially when an absorbing material, such as straw, is used to soak up liquid hazardous wastes or when the soU into which a hazardous liquid waste has percolated must be excavated. Both the straw and hquid and the soU and the liqmd are classified as hazardous wastes. 

Tier 0 and Tier 1 costs are direct and indirect costs. They include the engineering, materials, labor, construction, contingency, etc., as well as waste-collection and transportation services (in many cases we simply transform an air pollution problem into a solid waste or wastewater problem that requires final treatment and disposal), raw-material consumption (increase or decrease), and production costs. Tier 2 and... 

Caution Thallium compounds are highly toxic.3 However, they may he safely handled if prudent laboratory procedures are practiced. Rubber gloves and laboratory coats should be worn and reactions should be carried out in an efficient hood. In addition, thallium wastes should be collected and disposed of separately (Note 1). 

Especially in the case of solid substances, waste management is responsible for the clean-up of the technosphere, i.e. collection and disposal of the chemical in question. With respect to hazardous compounds in used goods, tools have been developed to phase out these goods for special recycling procedures or safe disposal. 

Tin wastes are collected and disposed of in an environmentally safe manner. 

Catalytic processes (finid catalytic cracking, catalytic hydrocracking, hydro-treating, isomerization, ether manufacture) also create some residuals in the form of spent catalysts and catalyst fines or particulates. The latter are sometimes separated from exiting gases by electrostatic precipitators or filters. These are collected and disposed of in landfills or may be recovered by off-site facilities. The potential for waste generation and hence leakage of emissions is discussed below for individual processes. 

AU waste solutions from the reaction were collected and disposed with hydrogen peroxide. 

DAB is a carcinogen and should be handled with care. The powder should be weighed in a chemical hood. Some companies (e.g., Sigma) sell preweighed tablets ready to be dissolved in H2O. Waste from the DAB solution should be collected and disposed of as hazardous waste. 

An EPA report "Disposal of Dilute Pesticide Solutions" ( ) summarized technologies used In disposal of such wastes. Another study entitled "Economic Analysis of Pesticide Disposal Methods" (j4) evaluated commonly used disposal systems In terms of cost. Local, regional and statewide collection and disposal strategies were also considered. Although each of these reports contain valuable Information, they fall short of the target of providing adequate Information to pesticide regulators and users to draw upon In day-today operations. 

Intermediary-level waste is, as the name suggests, waste that contains more radioactivity than low-level waste and less radioactivity than high-level waste. It is often obtained from nuclear processes in which both low- and high-level wastes are mixed before collection and disposal. 

All toxic materials were disposed of in accordance with "Prudent Practices in the Laboratory" National Academy Press Washington, DC, 1995. Wastes containing chromium, aqueous solutions as well as solids, were collected and disposed of separately. Prior to washing, all glassware laden with chromium by-products, were soaked overnight in a solution composed of 15-20 g of copper beads dissolved in -2 L of 50% aqueous nitric acid. This solution may be kept loosely capped in a fume hood and reused several times prior to disposal. 

CONCAWE (1985), The Collection and Disposal and Regeneration of Waste Oils and Related Materials , CONCAWE-Report 53/85. 

Waste - trash collection and disposal, air/water pollution... 

Some controls exist for disposal of harmful wastes or trash. Controls exist but are ineffective in methods or procedures of collection and disposal. Further study is necessary... 

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