Hydrocracking catalytic

Catalytic Hydrocracking Heater stack gas (CO, SO, NO, hydrocarbons and PM), fugitive emissions (hydrocarbons) and catalyst regeneration (CO, NO, SO, and catalyst dust). 

Chang, J., Tsubaki, N., Fujimoto, K., Elemental Sulfur as an Effective Promoter for the Catalytic Hydrocracking of Arabian Vacuum Residue. Fuel, 2001. 80(11) pp. 1639-43. 

Fetzer, J. C., The Production of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons During Catalytic Hydrocracking, in Catalysts in Petroleum Refining and Petrochemical Industries, 1996. Kuwait, Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, Elsevier. 100 pp. 263-271. 

LSE [Liquid solvent extraction] A coal liquifaction process, under development in 1990 by British Coal, at Point of Ayr, North Wales. The coal is dissolved in a coal-derived hydrocarbon solvent and then catalytically hydrocracked. 

Trickle-bed reactors are used in catalytic hydrotreating (reaction with H2) of petroleum fractions to remove sulfur (hydrodesulfurization), nitrogen (hydrodenitrogena-tion), and metals (hydrodemetallization), as well as in catalytic hydrocracking of petroleum fractions, and other catalytic hydrogenation and oxidation processes. An example of the first is the reaction in which a sulfur compound is represented by diben-zothiophene (Ring and Missen, 1989), and a molybdate catalyst, based, for example, on cobalt molybdate, is used ... 

Catalytic processes (finid catalytic cracking, catalytic hydrocracking, hydro-treating, isomerization, ether manufacture) also create some residuals in the form of spent catalysts and catalyst fines or particulates. The latter are sometimes separated from exiting gases by electrostatic precipitators or filters. These are collected and disposed of in landfills or may be recovered by off-site facilities. The potential for waste generation and hence leakage of emissions is discussed below for individual processes. 

Development of catalytic hydrocracking processes having great... 

Catalytic hydrocracking. This is similar to catalytic cracking in its industrial purpose but it is effected under hydrogen pressure and on a catalyst containing an ingredient with a hydrogenating function. 

Gulf HDS process a fixed-bed process for the catalytic hydrocracking of heavy stocks to lower-boiling distillates with accompanying desulfurization. 

Evaluation of a Two-Stage Thermal and Catalytic Hydrocracking Process for Athabasca Bitumen... 

Table IV. Properties of Oil Entering Catalytic Hydrocracking Unit...

In the once-through studies reported in the literature, a downflow reactor scheme was used for catalytic hydrocracking (9) in contrast to an upflow reactor scheme used in this study. It has been reported in the literature that an upflow reactor scheme is superior to the usual trickle-bed operation for residual feedstocks (18,19). Desulfurization, denitrogena-tion, and demetallization conversions were better in an upflow reactor. 

Table VI. Comparison of Different Catalysts for Catalytic Hydrocracking"...

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