VIP

In this process, the mold is filled with reinforcement, covered with a vacuum bag, evacuated by vacuum which draws resin into the mold and through the reinforcement until it is saturated. Vinylester resins are particularly suitable for this application. A technique developed by Intermarine Savannah uses grooved cores which facilitate the rapid and even distribution of resin throughout the laminate. This process is quicker than hand lay-up, enables a higher fiber fraction to be attained and provides a cleaner working environment. 

4 Seemann Composite Resin infusion Moiding Process (SCRIMP ) 

5 Resin infusion under fiexibie tooling (RIFT) 

RIFT or vacuum resin infusion is a hybrid of RTM and vacuum bag molding. In RIFT, one mold face of RTM is replaced by a flexible polymeric bag and resin is introduced into the mold by vacuum only. The process is better known in the USA as SCRIMP, which is a patented process. During resin infusion, the initial dry fiber compaction affects the permeability to resin flow and is time dependent, but when the resin enters the fibers, it appears to act as a lubricant and leads to further compaction. 

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VIP(I) Vector (length 20) of saturated liquid molar volumes (cm / mole) for condensable components for noncondensable components Vip(i) = 0 (I = 1,N). 

Here, ip,Vip) = denotes the i/>-averaged potential as seen by cp, still depending on the coordinate q. Likewise, = 4>,V4>) includes integration with respect to q and depends on x. In the following, ( , ) will similarly denote integration with respect to x, q, or x and q, yielding expressions that depend on the other coordinate. 

Melatonin [73-31-4] C 2H N202 (31) has marked effects on circadian rhythm (11). Novel ligands for melatonin receptors such as (32) (12), C2yH2gN202, have affinities in the range of 10 Af, and have potential use as therapeutic agents in the treatment of the sleep disorders associated with jet lag. Such agents may also be usehil in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder (SAD), the depression associated with the winter months. Histamine (see Histamine and histamine antagonists), adenosine (see Nucleic acids), and neuropeptides such as corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide (CLIP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) have also been reported to have sedative—hypnotic activities (7). 

CGRP is widely distributed throughout the peripheral and central nervous systems and is found ia sensory neurons and ia the autonomic and enteric nervous systems. In many iastances CGRP is co-localized with other neuroregulators, eg, ACh ia motor neurons, substance P, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and galanin ia sensory neurons. It is also present ia the CNS, with ACh ia the parabigeminal nucleus and with cholecystokinin (CCK) ia the dorsal parabrachial area. CGRP functions as a neuromodulator or co-transmitter. 

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Peptide. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)... 

The effects of VIP and PACAP are mediated by three GPCR subtypes, VIP, VIP2, and PACAP receptor, coupled to the activation of adenjiate cyclase (54). The VIP subtype is localized ia the lung, Hver, and iatestiae, and the cortex, hippocampus, and olfactory bulb ia the CNS. The VIP2 receptor is most abundant ia the CNS, ia particular ia the thalamus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and suprachiasmatic nucleus. PACAP receptors have a wide distribution ia the CNS with highest levels ia the olfactory bulb, the dentate gyms, and the cerebellum (84). The receptor is also present ia the pituitary. The VIP and PACAP receptors have been cloned. 

The solid material Is separated by filtration and the chloroform solution concentrated to an oil under reduced pressure. The oil is dissolved in 50 ml of trichloroethylene, the solution treated with charcoal, filtered and the filtrate added to 125 ml of hexane. The crystalline material which forms on standing at refrigerator temperature is removed by filtration, washed with light petroleum ether and dried at about 50°C. Approximately 20 g of product are obtained. On recrystaliizing from trichloroethylene-hexane, 17.8 g of purified compound are obtained, (VIP 89° to 91°C. 

Thionyl chloride (67 grams) is added over 15 minutes to a mixture of 39.5 grams of the above prepared dihydrochloride salt and 400 ml of chloroform. Refluxing for 4 hours, cooling and filtering yields the dihydrochloride salt of 1-benzyloxyethyl-4-(3-chloropropyl)-piperazine, (VIP 201° to 202°C. The salt in aqueous solution is basified. Extraction with ether and evaporation of the solvent yields the free base. 

The solvent was evaporated to yield a colorless solid residue, which was taken up In ethyl acetate-ice water. The two layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed with water, saturated sodium chloride solution and filtered through anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated to yield 1.20 grams of light tan crystals, MP 151° to 155°C, ultraviolet maximum at 224 mp (E = 4,095). Two recrystallizations from ethanol afforded 1st crop, 0.619 grams (62%) of colorless crystals (dried at 120°C in vacuo for 17 hours), (VIP 232.8° to 238.0°C, ultraviolet maximum at 224 mp (E = 4,840) 2nd crop, 0.142 gram (14%) of colorless crystals, MP 234° to 242°C. 

Figure 14-16E. Section view multistage, multivalve steam turbine, same as Figure 14-16D. (Used by permission Bui. VIP 901. Murray Turbomachinery Div., Tuthill Corporation.)...

There was a birthday party going on around us. It was the D.J. Bill Coleman s birthday. Balloons bobbed the blond-wood ceiling. Seventies and eighties music bobbed the crowd—late Diana Ross ( Upside Down ), KC and the Sunshine Band and other bands from the uh huh uh huh or ow ow ow ow era. Disco still has a desperate edge to it to hear—the Studio 54 into Xenon years when AIDS worked the party and only insiders knew it was there, like a VIP room celebrity, or how to meet it. Disco still sells sex, too, like cocktails, even when you re packing rubber. 

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide(VIP) is a 28-amino acid peptide, which has a variety of actions as a neuroendocrine hormone and a putative neurotransmitter. It... 

Cotter R, Williams C, Ryan L et al (2002) FractaUdne (CX3CL1) and brain inflammation impU-cations for HIV-l-associated dementia. J Neurovirol 8 585-598 Cunha-Reis D, Ribeiro JA, Sebastiao AM (2008) Al and A2A receptor activation by endogenous adenosine is required for VIP enhancement of K+-evoked [3H]-GABA release from rat hippocampal nerve terminals. Neurosci Lett 430 207-212 Davalos D, Grutzendler J, Yang G et al (2005) ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo. Nat Neurosci 8 752-758... 

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