Industrial metabolism

Industrial metabolism and life-cycle analyses of products ... 

Ayres R (1989) Industrial metabolism. In Ausubel J (ed) Technology and environment. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C. 

Ayres, R.U. Simonis, U. Industrial Metabolism, Restructuring for Sustainable Development, United Nations University Press Tokyo, Japan, 1994. 

R. U. Ayres, Industrial Metabolism Theory and Policy. The Greening of Industrial Ecosystems, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1994. (Reprinted from Industrial Metabolism, R. Ayers and U. Simonis, Eds., United Nations University Press, Tokyo, Japan, 1993.)... 

Industrial metabolism examines macroscale pollution prevention from this perspective. 

Fig. 3. Macroscale pollution prevention can be studied by examining waste inventories, by examining raw materials (industrial metabolism), or by examining products (life cycle analyses) (U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, 1992).

These simple case studies of the industrial metabolism of metals reveal the importance of infrastructure and technology selection in industrial... 

Stigliani WM and Anderberg S (1994) Industrial metabolism at the regional level The Rhine Basin. 

Industrial engineers study industrial metabolism—that is, the linkages between suppliers, manufacturers, consumers, refurbishers, and recyclers. Environmental engineers, on the other hand, study environmental metabolism—that is, the linkages between entities such as biota, land, freshwater, sea water, and atmosphere (Graedel and Allenby 1995). Clean manufacturing requires the study of the interactions between industrial metabolism and environmental metabolism. 

Since these composites combine non-degradable resins with plant-based degradable fibers they can neither return to an industrial metabolism nor to a natural metabolism. Unfortunately, they cannot be food stock for either system. They can only be downcycled because of their property degradation during reprocessing or incinerated to recover the energy value. 

Green chemistry (defined in Chapter 1, Section 1.5, and illustrated in Figure 1.5) has an essential role to play in the development of successful industrial ecosystems, especially in making industrial metabolism as efficient, nonpolluting, and safe as possible. The practice of green chemistry... 

Fischer-Kowalski, M. (2003). On the history of industrial metabolism. In D. Bourg S. Erkman (Eds.), Perspectives on industrial ecology (pp. 35-45). Sheffield Greenleaf Press. 

A group of firms that practice industrial ecology through a system of industrial metabolism that is efficient in the use of both materials and resources constitute a functional industrial ecosystem. Such a system can be defined as a regional eluster of industrial firms and other entities linked together in a manner that enables them to utilize byproducts, materials, and energy between various enterprises in a mutually advantageous manner. 

Unlike the living metabolic processes that occur in natural systems where true waste products are very rare, industrial metabolism as it is now practiced has a vexing tendency to dilute, degrade, and disperse materials to an extent that they are no longer useful but are still harmful to the environment. Indeed, waste has been defined as dissipative use of natural resources. In addition to simple loss from dilution and dispersion in the environment, materials may be lost by being tied up in low-energy forms or by being put into a chemical form from which they are very difficult to be retrieved. 

I. an approach based upon systems engineering and eeological principles that integrates the production and consumption aspects of the design, production, use, and termination (decommissioning) of products and services in a manner that minimizes environmental impact while optimizing utilization of resources, energy, and capital industrial metabolism an industrial ecosystem sustainable development... 

How are the terms industrial metabolism, industrial ecosystem, and sustainable development related to industrial ecology ... 

Octave, S., Thomas, D., 2009. Biorefinery toward an industrial metabolism. Biochimie 91 (6), 659-664. 

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