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United Kingdom chemical industry

United Kingdom Chemical Industries Association. 1993. An Approach to Categorization of Process Plant Hazards and Control Building Design. [Pg.438]

Traditionally, ethanol has been made from ethylene by sulfation followed by hydrolysis of the ethyl sulfate so produced. This type of process has the disadvantages of severe corrosion problems, the requirement for sulfuric acid reconcentration, and loss of yield caused by ethyl ether formation. Recently a successful direct catalytic hydration of ethylene has been accomplished on a commercial scale. This process, developed by Veba-Chemie in Germany, uses a fixed bed catalytic reaction system. Although direct hydration plants have been operated by Shell Chemical and Texas Eastman, Veba claims technical and economic superiority because of new catalyst developments. Because of its economic superiority, it is now replacing the sulfuric acid based process and has been licensed to British Petroleum in the United Kingdom, Publicker Industries in the United States, and others. By including ethanol dehydrogenation facilities, Veba claims that acetaldehyde can be produced indirectly from ethylene by this combined process at costs competitive with the catalytic oxidation of ethylene. [Pg.163]

Company and country are as foUows Ajiuomoto Co., Inc., Japan (AC) Asabi Denka Kogyo KK, Japan (AD) CECA, SA, France (CECA) Dover Chemical, United States (DC) Hoechst AG, Germany (HAG) Hbls, Germany (H) ICI, United Kingdom (ICI) Keil Chemical Div., Ferro Corp., United States (KC), Nissei Chemical Industries Co., Japan (NCI) Occidental Chemical Corp., United States (OCC) Tosoh Corp., Japan (TC). [Pg.469]

Manufacture and Processing. Terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate did not become large-volume industrial chemicals until after World War II. Imperial Chemical Industries in the United Kingdom in 1949 and Du Pont in the United States in 1953 commercialized fibers made from poly(ethylene terephthalate). Dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol were the comonomers used by both companies (see Fibers, polyester). [Pg.487]

Japan held 37.5% of the world antibiotic market ki 1988, the USA 23.2%, Italy 8.0%, the United Kingdom 5.4%, Germany 3.6%, and other countries 22.3% (20). The disproportionate size of the Japanese market is in part a consequence of the inherent strengths of Japanese industry which include expertise in fermentation technology and intensive chemical manipulation of known stmctures. In addition, antibiotic prescribing in Japan is extremely popular among doctors as a result of the Japanese reimbursement system. [Pg.475]

Vinylidene chloride monomer is produced commercially in the United States by The Dow Chemical Company and PPG Industries. The monomer is produced in Europe by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., in the United Kingdom Badische Anilin und Soda Eabnk and Chemische Werk Hbls in Germany Solvay S.A. and Amaco et Compagnie in Erance and The Dow Chemical Company in the Netherlands. The monomer is produced in Japan by the Asahi Chemical Company, Kureha Chemical Industries, and Kanto Denka Kogyo Company. [Pg.440]

The primary benzene producers in the United Kingdom ate Shell Chemicals UK, Imperial Chemical Industries PLC, and BP Chemicals Ltd. These three companies have a combined armual capacity of over 1,100,000 t. [Pg.44]

CIA Publications (United Kingdom s Chemical Industry Association)... [Pg.31]

Imperial Chemical Industries Pic, See ICI Group (United Kingdom)... [Pg.210]

An explosion at tlie Nypro Ltd. caprolactam factory at Flixborough, England, on June 1, 1974, was one of the most serious in tlie liistory of tlie chemical industry and tlie most serious in tlie liistory of the United Kingdom. Of tliose working on tlie site, 28 w cre killed and 36 others injured. Outside tlie plant, 53 people were... [Pg.7]

To get the best estimate, each job should be broken down into its components and separate indices used for labour and materials. It is often more convenient to use the composite indices published for various industries in the trade journals. These produce a weighted average index combining the various components in proportions considered typical for the particular industry. Such an index for the chemical industry in the United Kingdom is published in the journal Process Engineering, Anon. (2004). The composition of this index is ... [Pg.245]

In the United Kingdom all conventional pressure vessels for use in the chemical and allied industries will invariably be designed and fabricated according to the British Standard PD 5500 or the European Standard EN 13445 or an equivalent code such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers code Section VIII (the ASME code). The codes and standards cover design, materials of construction, fabrication (manufacture and... [Pg.795]

Historical perspective An analysis of thermal runaways in the United Kingdom (Barton and Nolan, Incidents in the Chemical Industry due to Thermal Bunaway Chemical Reactions, Hazards X Process Safety in Fine and Specialty Chemical Plants, IChem 115 3-18) indicated that such incidents occur because of the following general causes ... [Pg.27]

The concept of a safety case comes from the requirements of the European Union/European Community (EU/EC) Seveso Directive (82/501/EC) and, in particular, regulations that the United Kingdom and other member states used to implement that directive. United Kingdom regulations (Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards [CIMAH], 1984 replaced by Control of Major Accident Hazards Involving Dangerous Substances [COMAH] in 1999) require that major hazardous facilities produce a safety report or safety case.64 The requirement for a safety case is initiated by a list of chemicals and a class of flammables. Like the hazard analysis approach (Section 8.1.2), experts identify the reactive hazards of the process if analysis shows that the proposed process is safe, it may be excluded from additional regulatory requirements. [Pg.353]

Support of this work by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and by Imperial Chemical Industries, pic, United Kingdom, is gratefully appreciated. [Pg.276]

Imperial Chemical Industries pic, New Science Group, P.O. Box 11, The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire, WAT 4QE United Kingdom... [Pg.108]

See other pages where United Kingdom chemical industry is mentioned: [Pg.77]    [Pg.77]    [Pg.142]    [Pg.9]    [Pg.247]    [Pg.94]    [Pg.384]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.335]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.602]    [Pg.282]    [Pg.292]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.379]    [Pg.72]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.23]    [Pg.170]    [Pg.1194]    [Pg.1236]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.493]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.1]    [Pg.170]    [Pg.1236]    [Pg.133]    [Pg.220]    [Pg.229]    [Pg.280]    [Pg.335]    [Pg.337]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.38 ]



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