Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Acknowledgements. We thank Sebastian Reich for helpful discussions. Research partly supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant De 448/5-2 and Grant De 293/2-1,... 

S. W. Souci, Z. Eebensm. Forsch. 108, 189—195 (1958). The Color Committee of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. List of Pigments and Dyes for Cosmetics. Toxicological data on dyes and their suitabiUty for food in various countries. 

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration und biolo-gische Arbeitsstojftoleranzwerte, VCFI, Weinheim, 1981, p. 21. 

This work has been supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, within the SFB 166. We thank the Hbchstleistungsrechenzentrum (HLRZ) Jiilich, Germany, for computer time on the Intel Paragon XP/S parallel computer, where some of the calculations have been performed. 

Parts of the calculations have been performed on the Cray systems of the Centro Interdipartimentale di Calcolo dell Universita di Trieste and of CINECA at Bologna. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The authors are also indebted to Prof. P. Fulde of the Max-Planck-Institut fiir komplexe Systeme, Dresden for support. 

I am grateful to V. I. Arkhipov, K. Book, P. M. Borsenbcrger, D. Herlel, M. Redccker, Y.H. Tak, and U. Wolf for their contributions to this work. Financial support came from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 383 and projects 436 Rus 113/ 9314 and Ba 411/33) as well as from the Funds der Chemischen Industrie. 

It is a particular pleasure to thank the institutions which provided financial support to this work. These are the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, and the Bund der Freunde der Technischen Universitat Miinchen. I am also indebted to Professor H. Schmidbaur, Garching, for his continued interest in our investigations, to Professor G. Muller, Konstanz, for the x-ray structure determinations and to Professor G. Bowmaker, who was on sabbatical leave from Auckland, New Zealand, for critical reading of the manuscript. 

My own contributions to this field rely heavily on the creative cooperation with enthusiastic coworkers who are cited in the references. I am indebted to generous financial support of our work by the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Industrieller Forschungs-vereinigungen e. V., the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Che-mischen Industrie. Finally but not least, I am thankful to Mrs. Kolle and Mrs. Quiller, who typed the manuscript with care and patience. 

Acknowledgements. The authors thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (especially the SFB 347 Selective reactions of metal-activated molecules and the Graduiertenkolleg Electron density ) and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie for generous financial support. D S wants to thank the students involved in phosphorus chemistry over the years (A Steiner, H Gornitzka, S Wingerter, M Pfeiffer, A Murso, T Stey, F Baier). Without their tremendous contributions, this chapter would have been impossible. 

Acknowledgement. We are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for partial support of this work. 

Acknowledgements Work in the author s laboratory is funded in part by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB544) and the EU (6th framework HIV PI resistance, LSHP-CT-2006-037693 7th framework HIV-ACE, HEALTH-E3-2008-201095). We thank Paul Schnitzler, Stephan Boehm, and Manon Eckhardt for critical reading of the manuscript. 

Acknowledgements. This work has been supported by the Ponds der Chemischen Industrie and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. I also acknowledge here the help in the work on this manuscript by Dr. Alexander B. Rozhenko. Most important is also the cooperation with Prof. Niecke over many years, whom I would like to thank. 

Many skillful and insightful coworkers have contributed to this research and their names are hsted in the references. Their discoveries have created the progress and results which we have presented here. Continuous financial support for this research was provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft... 

Acknowledgment Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie is gratefully acknowledged. 

The work of my laboratory which has been quoted in this chapter has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the EEC and the Fonds Chem. Industrie. 

Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Schm 344/34-1, Sa 1770/1-1), the European Union (NENA project), the Deutsche Akademische Austauschdienst, and CONICET (Argentina) is gratefully acknowledged. 

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Project Be 1201/12-2). We gratefully acknowledge discussions with C. Hartnig and E. Spohr. 

The methods EN 1528 1996 and EN 12393 1998 comprise a range of old multiresidue methods of equal status, which are widely accepted throughout Europe. These are, e.g., the Luke method and the German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) methods S8 and S19 ° (all based on extraction with acetone), the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) method 970.52 (using acetonitrile extraction and liquid-liquid partition combined with Horisil column cleanup) and the Dutch ethyl acetate extraction combined with GPC. All methods have been subjected to inter-laboratory studies, although not with all pesticide/matrix combinations, which would be impossible to achieve. 

Deutsche Eorschungsgemeinschaft, Ruckstandsanalytik und Pflanzenschutzmitteln, Sammel-methoden, 11 Lieferung, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn (1991). 

The analysis of azole compounds is becoming increasingly important. For the regulation of their residues, the multi-method Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) S19 is used throughout Europe. Within the last few years, this method has been validated for many new azole fungicides in various crop matrices. The multi-residue method and the most important procedural details for the detection and determination of azole compounds are described below. Some important properties are shown in Table 1. 

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Riickstandsanalytik von Pflanzenschutzmitteln, Stand der 11. Lieferung, VCH, Weinheim, Sammelmethode S19 (1991). 

W. Specht, Organochlorine, organophosphorus, nitrogen-containing and other pesticides, S 19, in Manual of Pesticide Residue Analysis (DFG, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Pesticides Comm.), ed. H.-P. Their and H. Zeumer, VCH, Weinheim, Vol. 1, pp. 383-400 (1987). 

Financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft is gratefully acknowledged. 

This project was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BL 231/25 -1) and by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), which are thus gratefully acknowledged. We thank D.-H. Tang for the measurements with the conventional tracer technique, K. Kupferschlager, M. Adams and G. Schroeder for technical support, and A. Jess and M. Liauw for helpful discussions. 

Acknowledgements We are grateful for continued financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, the University of Granada and Spanish Ministerio de Education y Ciencia for postdoctoral grants. 

This work was generously supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 247) and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. The author is grateful to his co-workers, U. Winkler and S. Rell, and sincerely thanks the crystallographers, Dr. H. Pritzkow and Dr. L. Zsolnai for their attentive engagement in this work. Furthermore, the author is indebted to Profs. W. Siebert and G. Huttner for support and many helpful discussions. 

We thank Bruce Edgar, Sanjeev Datar and Terry Orr-Weaver for sharing their unpublished observations. Research in our laboratory is supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Le 987/1-1,1-2,1-3, 2-1). 

Work in R. S. s laboratory was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through SFB 243. 

The authors are very much indebted to Dr. I. Csoregh (University of Stockholm, Arrhenius Laboratory) for intensive and fruitful cooperation over many years and to Prof. P. Kierkegaard (Stockholm), and Prof. A. Kalman (Budapest) for their continous interest in and support of this research. The authors would also like to thank Dipl. Chem. M. Hecker and Dipl. Chem. W. Seichter for drawing the figures, and Mrs. M. Weber for the trouble with the typing of the manuscript. The work at Bonn was financially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. 

Parts of this work were supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through SFB 569 and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. One of us (FS) gratefully acknowledges a stipend of SFB 569. 

We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie for financial support, H. J. Himmel for revision of the English text, E. Mollhausen and T. Stiffel for association concerning graphical questions, and I. Krossing, C. Klemp, A. Donchev, H. Kohnlein, G. Stofier, R. Koppe, and E. Baum for helpful discussions. 

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