Who Is Covered by the Standard

OSHA s Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) applies to employers whose employees may be exposed to hazardous chemicals. It covers both general industry and construction employment. 

The HCS applies to any hazardous chemical in the workplace that employees can be exposed to under normal conditions of use or in a foreseeable emergency. 

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In determining who is covered by the Bloodbome Pathogens standard, remember that if an employee is providing first aid or CPR as a Good Samaritan and not as a trained first aider, designated to perform first aid by the employer, that employee is not covered by the standard. 

Food safety and quality is an issue that concerns every citizen in the European Union and of course worldwide this is covered by the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimenta-rius Food Standards Programme. Food safety in its scientific meaning regards human health issues. Distinctions have to be made between food effects that impair the immediate health state of a person (i.e. cause illness within hours or days) and adverse effects which manifest themselves only after a prolonged period (months and years). 

Eigure 3 shows the winter and summer comfort zones plotted on the coordinates of the ASHRAE psychrometric chart. These zones should provide acceptable conditions for room occupants wearing typical indoor clothing who are at or near sedentary activity. Eigure 3 appHes generally to altitudes from sea level to 2150 m and to the common case for indoor thermal environments where the temperature of the surfaces (/) approximately equals air temperature (/ and the air velocity is less than 0.25 m/s. A wide range of environmental appHcations is covered by ASHRAE Comfort Standard 55 (5). Offices, homes, schools, shops, theaters, and many other appHcations are covered by this specification. 

Employers covered by the Federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) are subject only to the Federal minimum wage and all applicable regulations. Employers not covered by the FLSA will be subject to a minimum wage that is at least 70 percent of the Federal minimum wage or the applicable mandatory decree rate, whichever is higher. The Secretary of Labor and Human Resources may authorize a rate based on a lower percentage for any employer who can show that implementation of the 70 percent rate would substantially curtail employment in that business. 

You must instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions. While diesel exhaust emissions per se are not covered by the Hazard Communication (HazCom) Standard, 1910.1200, diesel fuel is. Any known hazards associated with diesel fuel must be found on the safety data sheet (SDS), and full application of HazCom program, including training, is required. This includes the hazards associated with fuel combustion. Finally, employees who will be using respirators must also be provided training on how to use, clean, and store respirators. 

To enforce its standards, OSHA is authorized under the Act to conduct workplace inspections. Every establishment covered by the Act is subject to inspection by OSHA compliance safety and health officers who are chosen for their knowledge and experience in the occupational safety and health field. Compliance officers are vigorously trained in OSHA standards and in the recognition of safety and health hazards. Inspections occur as a result of the following priorities established by OSHA ... 

Each employer who has a workplace or operation covered by this standard shall initially determine if any employee may be exposed to lead at or above the action level. For the purposes of paragraph (d) of this section, employee exposure is the exposure that would occur if the employee were not using a respirator. 

Before it was banned, lead-based paint was the paint of choice for double-hung windows because of its superior adhesive properties (Park and Hicks 1995). But as sashes rub against each other when the lower sash is opened and closed, a fine dust is produced (CDC 2012). This is the source of much lead in dust in older homes (CDC 2012). The dust can be inhaled and ingested by toddlers who accumulate the lead on their hands as they crawl (CDC 2012). Hand-to-mouth activity then results in ingestion (World Health Organization 2010). Dust on floors below windows is covered under the clearance standards set by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). After work in a house by a paid contractor that disturbs lead paint, the amount of lead on a floor can be no more than 40 pg per square foot (pg/ft ) interior windowsills can have no more than 250 pg/ft and window troughs can have no more than 400 pg/ft. ... 

The policy should clearly define who is covered. Generally all employees, both full-time and part-time, are required to participate. Contractors, visitors, and vendors may be covered by their own company programs. Each company employee will be given a copy of the company standard and will be expected to sign an agreement document such as that given in Table 7.7. 

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