Treatment Time

ALnico 5, with added ductihty. The very Low Co alloys, however, require extremely long he at-treatment times because of the decreased kinetics of the spinodal decomposition. Deformation aged 23%Cr—23%Co—2%Cu exhibits (BH) of 78 kJ/m (9.75MG - Oe) (85). 

Selenium purification by zone refining is not feasible. At practical zone-refining speeds, crystallization does not occur and impurities do not segregate. However, a controlled differential thermal treatment of selenium in a long vertical glass tube has been described (45). The treatment time is several weeks to several months. 

Negative TOF-SIMS speetra of PMDA/ODA polyimide before and after plasma treatment are shown in Fig. 53. The speetra generally show inereas-ing fragmentation as a function of plasma treatment time. This tendency was especially evident for the peak at m/z = 215 (PMDA + H ). 

Rider and Amott were able to produce notable improvements in bond durability in comparison with simple abrasion pre-treatments. In some cases, the pretreatment improved joint durability to the level observed with the phosphoric acid anodizing process. The development of aluminum platelet structure in the outer film region combined with the hydrolytic stability of adhesive bonds made to the epoxy silane appear to be critical in developing the bond durability observed. XPS was particularly useful in determining the composition of fracture surfaces after failure as a function of boiling-water treatment time. A key feature of the treatment is that the adherend surface prepared in the boiling water be treated by the silane solution directly afterwards. Given the adherend is still wet before immersion in silane solution, the potential for atmospheric contamination is avoided. Rider and Amott have previously shown that such exposure is detrimental to bond durability. 

While several factors determine ESP collection efficiency, ESP size is most important. Size determines treatment time, the longer a particle spends in the ESP, the greater its chance of being collected. Maximizing electric field strength will maximize ESP collection efficiency. Collection efficiency is also affected to some extent by dust resistivity, gas temperature, chemical composition (of the dust and the gas), and particle size distribution. 

Water treated with iodine can have any objectionable taste removed by treating the water with vitamin C (ascorbic acid), but it must be added after the water has stood for the correct treatment time. Flavored beverages containing vitamin C will... 

Figure 11 Relation between ESCA spectra and Ar treatment time of PE. (From Ref. 73.)...

The anodising procedures in general use are shown in Table 15.1, sulphuric acid being the most commonly used electrolyte. Treatment time is IS min to 1 h. 

The majority of phosphate processes in use today are accelerated to obtain shorter treatment times and lower processing temperatures. The most common mode of acceleration is by the addition of oxidising agents such as nitrate, nitrite, chlorate and hydrogen peroxide. By this means, a processing time of 1 to 5 min can be obtained at temperatures of 43-71 °C. The resultant coatings are much smoother and thinner than those from unaccelerated processes, and, while the corrosion resistance is lower, they cause less reduction of paint gloss and are more suited to mass-production requirements. 

A cold treatment relying on electric current for activation has been developed at R.A.E. the solution consisted of 15% sodium dichromate and 5% potassium permanganate with added caustic soda to bring the pH to the lower end of the treatment range of 6-0-7 -1. Parts were made anode at a current density of 30-80 A/dm for a treatment time of 20 min. 

No. Pretreatment of Sample and Treatment Time (min) Reagents Added and Reaction Time (min) Initial Intensity (LU/s)b Total Light Emitted (LU)b... 

Managing Anxiety and Body image Disturbance The parents, and sometimes the children, may be concerned about the success or possible failure of treatment with GH. The child is provided with the opportunity to share fears, concerns, or anger. The nurse acknowledges these feeling as normal and corrects any misconceptions the child or parents may have concerning treatment. Time is allowed for the parents and children to ask questions not only before therapy is started but also during the months of treatment. 

The agitation studies for PET depolymerization were performed in the Atlas Launder-ometer. The Launder-ometer is a device for rotating closed containers in a thermostatically controlled water bath. The procedure used in these experiments was adapted from an American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standard test method. The 5% sodium hydroxide solution (250 mL) was preheated to 80°C in a 1-pint stainless steel jar. The catalysts were added in the following amounts in separate experiments TOMAC (0.04 g, 0.0001 mol) TOMAB (0.045 g, 0.0001 mol) and HTMAB (0.045 g, 0.0001 mol). The PET fiber specimens (1.98 g, 0.01 mol) were placed in the containers along with ten -in. stainless steel balls to aid in the agitation process. The jars were sealed in the Launder-ometer, whose bath was at the desired temperature (80°C). The machine was allowed to run for the allowed treatment times (i.e., 30, 60, 90, 150, and 240 min) at 42 rpm. Upon decanting, any residual fibers... 

Treatment of TR with UV radiation has been shown to be successful in increasing its adhesion to polyurethane adhesive. A low-pressure mercury vapor lamp (main emission at 254 nm power = 20 mW/cm ) has been used. The UV treatment of TR improves the wettabUity, produces the formation of C—O, C=0, and COO moieties, and ablation is also produced. The extended UV treatment produces greater surface modifications, as well as the incorporation of nitrogen moieties at the surface. Peel strength values increase after UV treatment of TR, in a greater extent by increasing the treatment time. 

Type of plasma Discharge power Gas pressure Treatment time... 

To enhance the formation of Ti species by reduction and nitration together, treatment with H2+N2 plasma and H2+Ar/N2+Ar (H2+Ar treatment followed by N2+Ar) were tried. However, there was no further improvement. H2+Ar/N2+Ar plasma treatment reduced the optimum treatment time to 20 minutes but improvement of photocatalytic activity imder fluorescent light was just 2.0 times. H2+Ar pretreatment seems to make substitutional doping of N easier through reduction reaction. 

The combined experience with IV rt-PA treatment beyond 3 hours, therefore, suggests reduced effectiveness compared to treatment within 3 hours. A pooled analysis of the ATLANTIS, ECASS, and NINDS rt-PA studies confirmed that the odds of a favorable 3-month outcome, defined as minimal or no poststroke disability on the BI, mRS, and NIHSS, decreased with increasing stroke onset to start of treatment time (OTT) (p = 0.005). The odds ratios for favorable outcome with rt-PA treatment were 2.8 (95% Cl 1.8. 5) for OTT 0-90 minutes, 1.6 (95% Cl 1.1-2.2) for 91-180 minutes, 1.4 (95% Cl 1.1-1.9) for 181-270 minutes, and 1.2 (95% Cl 0.9-1.5) for 271-360 minutes. This finding, that earlier treatment is associated with more therapeutic efficacy, supports the adage that in the delivery of acute stroke therapy time is brain. " The rate of sICH was not associated with OTT. ... 

Temperature Nitrosamine Level Treatment Time Amount of Acid ... 

It was shown by EXAFS that the structure and dispersion of the Mo sulfide species in MoSx/NaY were unaltered by a prolonged sulfidation of 20-h at 673 Kina stream of H,S/Hj. This fact indicates that highly dispersed Mo sulfide species are thermally stable. On the other hand, with MoSx/AljOj prepared by using Mo(CO) [12], a considerable agglomeration of highly dispersed Mo sulfide species was observed at a shorter treatment time. It is considered that highly dispersed Mo sulfide clusters are thermally stabilized in zeolite cavities. 

Chen, H., Hoover, D. G., and Kingsley, D. H. (2005). Temperature and treatment time influence high hydrostatic pressure inactivation of feline calicivirus, a norovirus surrogate. /. Food Prot. 68, 2389-2394. 

Figure 41.6 Tuning porosity of TUD-1 by varying heat treatment times.

Figure 41.6 illustrates the typical capabilities in tailoring Si-TUD-1 pore diameter using different hydrothermal treatment times (10). The pore diameter can be varied from 4 to 19 nm by increasing the hydrothermal heating time from 0 to 48 hours. The sample with 48 hours of hydrothermal treatment still had an appreciable surface area of400 m /g. 

With the addition of H202, the required treatment time is 7.4 months. 

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