Translation inhibition

Gambacorti-Passerini C., Mologni L, Bertazzoli C., le Coutre P., Marchesi E., Grignani F., Nielsen P.E. In vitro transcription and translation inhibition by anti-promyelocytic leukemia (PML)/re-tinoic acid receptor-alpha and anti-PML peptide nucleic acid. Blood 1996 88 1411-1417. 

Cazenave C, Loreau N, Thuong NT, Toulme JJ. Enzymatic amplification of translation inhibition of rabbit beta-globin mRNA mediated by anti-messenger oligodeoxynucleotides covalently linked to intercalating agents. Nucleic Acid Res 1995 15( 12) 4717—4736. 

Preproricin 1 pgg soluble protein In vitro translation inhibition Homogeneous, glycosylated dimer [16]... 

Inhibition of l-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate phosphodiesterase Inhibition of translation Inhibition of DNA topoisomerase... 

Chang, M.P., Bramhall, J., Graves, S., Bonavida, B. and Wisnieski, B.J. (1989) Intemucleosomal DNA cleavage precedes diphtheria toxin-induced cytolysis. Evidence that cell lysis is not a simple consequence of translation inhibition. J Biol Chem, 264, 15261-15267. 

Ng, T. B., Wang, H. Panaxagin, a new protein from Chinese ginseng possesses anti-fungal, anti-viral, translation-inhibiting and ribonu-clease activities. Life Sci. 2001, 68, 739-749... 

A good example of translational inhibition is the mechanism by which puromycin mimics the structure of the aminoacyl group of aminoacyl-tRNA, as shown in Figure 26.15. Puromycin is an aminoacyl-tRNA analogue that is able to bind to the A site of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes, even without a corresponding tRNA, and thus act as an acceptor for the peptidyl transferase reaction. 

Figure 27.28 shows a few of the important antibiotics that act by inhibiting translation. Many translation-inhibiting antibiotics work selectively on prokaryotic organisms because the process of translation is sufficiently different in them than it is in humans. Thus, these compounds can be used to treat bacterial infections with minimal side effects to humans. 

Figure 8-2 Posttranscriptional regulation by IRE/IRP interactions. In iron-replete cells, IRPs do not bind to IREs. Iron starvation induces IRPs to bind to their ligands, resulting in stabilization of transferrin receptor mRNA and translational inhibition of the mRNAs encoding ferritin H- and L-chain), eALAS and mitochondrial aconitase.

Despite the advances in elucidating the mechanism of mRNA translational inhibition by IRE/IRP interactions in the 5 UTR, the regulation of mRNA stability by IRE/IRP interactions in the 3 UTR is far from being understood. TfR mRNA is the only so far characterized transcript, which possesses stability IREs in the 3 UTR. Interestingly, the newly identified intestinal iron transporter Nramp2 is encoded by an mRNA with a putative IRE in its 3 UTR however, the function of this motif as an IRE has not been studied yet [6]. 

Post-Translational Inhibition of COX by Vitamin E. Because changes in COX activity reflect changes in the rate of enzyme synthesis or the rate of mRNA transcription, we further examined COX protein and mRNA expression. As determined in our previous study (9), LPS-induced COX-2 mRNA and COX-2 protein expression were not affected by vitamin E supplementation (9). Thus, we suggested that the vitamin E-induced decrease in COX activity of M< ) from old mice is not due to its regulation of COX transcription or translation rather, it appears that vitamin E exerts its effect post-translationaUy. 

---