Train protection systems

See, for example, HSE (1997 101) where the concerns of the House of Commons Transport Select Committee at the failure to implement train protection systems was reported. 

Limited possibilities of using automation or guarding to block certain actions in certain circumstances, or to take actions over. Examples are interlocks on machines which prevent access when the machine is under power or in motion, or automatic train protection systems which apply the brakes if a frain passes a red signal. The latter example is one which leaves the human in the loop to take the decision, but intervenes in clear emergency situations to cope with human failures. We can contrast this with automatic shutdown systems, which take the decision-making away from fhe person and fake fhem out of the loop. The person then has to intervene if fhe automatic system fails, an almost impossible task if fhis occurs very infrequently (e.g. once every few years) . 

Risk perception I do not perceive there to be a significant risk because the train protection system will protect me , and... 

A function provider (secondary classification), for example Automatic Train Protection System on board of the train ... 

Health Safety GREAT BRITAIN. HEALTH AND SAFETY (Tommission, COMMISSION (1998) Rail Safety Proposal for 1998) Regulations on train protection systems and mark 1... 

The radial transducers should be placed within three inches of the bearing, and there should be two radial transducers at each bearing. Care should be taken not to place the probe at the nodal points. The two probes should be mounted 90° apart ( 5°) at a 45° ( 5°) angle from each side of the vertical center. Viewed from the drive end of the machine train, the x probe will be on the right side of the vertical, and the i probe will be on the left side of the vertical. Figures 4-10 and 4-11 show protection systems for a turbine and a gear box respectively. 

Another aspect of the response to plant transients is the effective use of the emergency procedures. The process worker needs training in order to be able to apply these procedures correctly under time pressure. Conditions of entry or transfer to other procedures, profitability-safety requirements, and the response of the automatic protection systems need to be learned extensively in training exercises. 

S. Training in Working with Automatic Control and Protection Systems... 

Identified hazards can either be reduced at the root (e.g., reduction of inventory) or by introduction of protective systems (e.g., automatic emergency shutdown). The increased understanding of the chemistry and the process that is obtained from hazard evaluation procedures provides guidance for many other elements of process safety management as well (e.g., procedural instructions, emergency strategies, personnel training, and preventive maintenance). 

The company or facility should make use of the services of an engineer knowledgeable and trained in fire protection. Ideally, a registered fire protection engineer should be available to review fire protection designs. Fire safety, loss prevention, or process safety engineers should assist in the analysis of hazards, selection of protection system specifications, approval of the system, and acceptance testing. 

Facility personnel who perform inspections on fixed fire protection systems must be knowledgeable of the systems and have received training on the inspection protocols. Facility personnel may be operations personnel, maintenance personnel, security personnel, fire protection personnel, or others assigned by management. 

Facility personnel who perform inspections on fixed fire protection systems must be knowledgeable of the systems and have received training on the inspection protocols. 

The simple error of installing a rupture disc upside down is easy to do in a minute or two and can jeopardize the integrity of the overpressure protection system. Rupture disk manufacturer s representatives are available to discuss proper rupture disk handling with engineers and craftsman. Such training can be very helpful. 

Navy readiness for chemical and biological warfare defense needs improvement in the following areas establishment, validation, and enforcement of standards, performance and material condition of installed protective systems, availability and condition of protective equipment, shelf life of medical countermeasures, field exercise programs, basic and unit training, and readiness reporting. 

Establishment of predetermined response strategies to support decision making by WMATA and other emergency responders during an incident is key to the operation of the PROTECT system. Response options include stopping trains (some or all) or moving trains away from the affected areas. The video information also can help in the deployment of emergency response personnel to the affected station(s). 

To offset this, U.S. chemical/biological (CB) defense materiel must not only provide a protective system equivalent to or better than that of any potential enemy but the physiological and logistics burdens must be such as to permit long-term use. To cope with the hazards of any potential CB-threat environment requires the development of an integrated CB defense system. This system must contain items for individual protection, collective protection, decontamination, warning and detection, and safe devices and concepts to achieve realistic training. 

The sources for this discussion are experts at the U.S. Army Chemical and Biological Defense Command,34 and Collective Protective Equipment, U.S. Army Training Manual 34240-338-10,35 which interested readers can consult for greater detail. Medical Collective Protection Systems... 

Annex II to directive 1999/92/EC describes additional minimum requirements, which comprise organizational measures (i.e. written instructions, training of workers, a system of permits to work, warning signs) and criteria for the selection of technical equipment and protective systems, depending on the classification of zones. 

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