Biological warfare defense

Saratov Institute of Radiation, Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense 410037 Saratov, Russia e-mail aleksenko s mail.ru... 

The Acquisition of Drugs and Biologies for Chemical and Biological Warfare Defense... 

The acquisition of drag and biologies for chemical and biological warfare defense Department of Defense interactions with the Food and Drug Administration / Richard A. Rettig, Jennifer Brower, with Orlie Yaniv. p. cm. 

Third, given the complementarities of vaccine development for biological warfare defense and for infectious diseases, we also recommend that comparable authority for the acquisition of vaccines for infectious diseases be established in OSD. 

Two research programs (science and technology base) remain under USAMRMC, one for medical chemical defense and the other for medical biological defense. USAMRMC exercises its responsibility for these programs through the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense for chemical warfare defense and USAMRllD for biological warfare defense (Parker interview, 2001). 

The industrial model of vaccine development is best described in a report requested by Congress and the Deputy Secretary of Defense. The study, which was asked to report on the acquisition of biological warfare defenses, drew heavily on the views of the expert panel that conducted it. The report argued that (1) threats of biological warfare and endemic infectious disease are high consequence (2) vaccines are the lowest-risk, most-effective response to these threats ... 

Priority, organization, and program the elevation of all vaccine development activity (including both biological warfare defense and infectious diseases) to Acquisition Category 1 priority the use of a combination of industry incentives, prime systems contractor, and COCO to achieve the production of several vaccines and the establishment of an 8-vaccine program, scaled down... 

U.S. Department of Defense, Report on Biological Warfare Defense Vaccine Research Development Programs, July 2001a. 

Lawrence Dubois joined SRI International as vice president and head of the Physical Sciences Division in March 2000. Prior to that, he spent 7 years at DARPA, finishing his tenure there as director of the Defense Sciences Office, which is responsible for an annual investment of approximately 300 million toward the development of technologies for biological warfare defense, biology, defense applications of advanced mathematics, and materials and devices for new military capabilities. 

Lawrence H. Dubois Using DARPA as an example, what are some of the critical issues facing the safety of the nation today I think a lot of people would say biological warfare defense is an issue we may have to deal with. You will get some consensus with that issue. 

The committee found that effective approaches to chemical and biological warfare defense are based on a few important principles ... 

This section provides specific findings and recommendations on operational issues related to naval chemical and biological warfare defense. 

Focal point for CONOPS. The Navy appears to lack a focal point for the development of policy, concepts of operations, and doctrine for chemical or biological warfare defense the Marine Corps appears to place greater emphasis on the problem. The committee recommends that the Navy Warfare Development Command (NWDC) and the Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC) be clearly designated as the primary authorities and given the requisite resources for the development of policy, concepts of operations, and doctrine for chemical and biological warfare defense issues. 

Readiness. Navy readiness for chemical and biological warfare defense needs improvement. Sustained improvements toward remedying these deficien-... 

All of the research, development, and acquisition for chemical and biological warfare defense is carried out through the legislatively mandated Joint CBD Program and is organized around two principal areas—(1) Non-Medical Science and Technology and (2) Medical Defense. Although the committee was tasked to make R D projections in specific time frames—to 2005 (near term), to 2010 (mid-term), and to 2015 (far term)—it found this practically impossible for two reasons ... 

Since no single element can achieve the goals for effective chemical and biological warfare defense, a defense-in-depth approach, which creates a layered defense that exploits the synergies among individual components in order to pro-... 

Define the chemical and biological warfare defense operational requirements for mission success across the entire naval force through a comprehensive concept of operations, with supporting policies and practices. The scope must address all dimensions of naval operations. 

Although the committee did not visit or evaluate a sufficient number of ships or stations to provide a fully generalized conclusion on overall Navy BW and CW defense readiness levels, the data gathered throughout the study combined with the collective experience of the committee point to a clear conclusion Navy chemical and biological warfare defense readiness needs improvement. In particular, careful attention must be paid to threats in ports and at shore installations. 

The Navy should institute a system of exercises, training, assessment, and reporting aimed at meeting high standards of chemical and biological warfare defense readiness. Central to its effort to come to terms with the readiness challenge is the requirement to define appropriate standards of readiness in each of its mission areas these standards should be derived from the operational requirements generated by the recommended operational net assessments. 

The MEU(SOC) units receive both individual and unit training prior to deployment, they participate in field exercises, and they are then certified as ready. In addition to this unit, all sailors and Marines in the MEU(SOC) are qualified in NBC individual protective measures before they deploy. While this training meets current requirements, there is an ongoing effort within the Marine Corps to enhance the training content, particularly with regard to biological warfare defense. This capability is resident in the MEU(SOC) units deployed in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. 

Of most concern to the committee is that there appear to be no chemical or biological warfare defense readiness standards in place for the shore establish-... 

The standard operational readiness reporting system is largely silent on chemical and biological warfare defense readiness reporting. It is recommended that the Chief of Naval Operations include CW and BW defense readiness reporting in the Status of Resources and Training System (SORTS) for the operating forces and in an appropriate parallel system for the shore establishment. The... 

The Navy appears to lack a focal point for chemical and biological warfare defense policy, concepts of operations, and doctrine development related to chemical and biological warfare defense. The Marine Corps appears to utilize the Marine Corps Combat Development Command (MCCDC) for this role. 

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