The Center for Biotechnology

The key feature of the PDA technology is that a far wider biological diversity can be screened computationally than it is possible with exclusively experimental methods. The in silico approach provides unique and original gene modifications whilst maintaining the precise control over the extent and nature of protein modifications. The novel sequences 

The ProCode technology analyzes libraries of expressed proteins to identify protein-protein and protein-small molecule interactions. Data of genes that interact with existing compounds is then achieved. This accelerates the discovery process by profiling performance prior to expensive testing in vivo. 

Xencor seeks corporate partnerships for discovering novel proteins for the pharmaceutical industry and proteins with improved traits for the agricultural biotechnology and industrial enzyme markets. 

Muyrers, J. P. P. Zhang, Y. Testa, G., and Stewart, A. F., Rapid Modification of Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes by Et-Recombination. Nucleic Acids Res., 1999. 27 pp. 1555-1557. 

Vector Research - Global Technologies, Inc. Worldwide Industrial Applications for Enzymes to Top 1.8 Billion 

---

This work has been supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIGMS). Generous support from Indena SpA, Rh6ne-Poulenc Rorer, and the Center for Biotechnology at Stony Brook which is sponsored by the New York State Science and Technology Foundation is acknowledged. The authors would like to extend their sincere thanks to Dr. 

The Center for Biotechnology Research holds a 30% Interest in Engenics and will use profits from that interest to support university research, although not necessarily at Berkeley or at Stanford. Any capital appreciation or stock dividends generated by Engenics will be plowed back into Stanford s Department of Medical Microbiology and the chemical engineering departments of both schools. 

Acknowledgments. The National Institutes of Health (Grant GM 32937), the Center for Biotechnology at Stony Brook (funded by the New York Science and Technology Foundation) and Miles, Inc. are thanked for funding this research. 

The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, and The Center for Biotechnology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel... 

GenBank [32] is a text-numeric database of genetic sequences with more than 28 billion bases in 22 million sequences (January, 2003) from genetic research. The collection of all publidy available sequences is annotated with information such as sequence description, source organism, sequence length, or references. The database, estabhshed in 1967, is updated daily and produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (USA). 

Sequences of the genes/cDNAs can be retrieved from databases on the Internet at various web sites. For example, GeneBank (at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI) is at http //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ Web/Search/index.html. The EMBL Nucleotide Sequence database (through the European Bioinformatic Institute, EBI) can be found at http //www.ebi.ac.uk/queries/queries.html, whilst that of the DNA Data Bank of Japan is at http //www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/. 

The PepSeq program of Micromass s ProteinLynx software package was used for de novo analysis of the sequence (MS/MS) data. MS-Pattern of ProteinProspectror55 used the sequence tag determined from PepSeq to search the nonredundant database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) for protein identification. 

Because the genome of E. sakazakii has not yet been sequenced and deposited into the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)... 

Some Internet search sites that I have found particularly useful include the National Center for Biotechnology information (NCBI) Entrez cross-database search page (http //www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery), which includes PubMed Central containing a limited number of free, full text journal articles. In addition, High Wire Press run by Stanford University also contains many free articles from established journals (http //highwire.stanford.edu/) and is able to search the PubMed database simultaneously. 

A small number of biotechnology products are classified as medical devices and, hence, are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH). The first approved biotech product to come under the auspices of the CDRH was OP-1 implant. Marketed by Stryker Biotech, OP-1 implant is a sterile powder composed of recombinant human oestrogenic protein-1 (OP-1) along with bovine collagen. It is used to treat fractured bones that fail to heal. The product is mixed with sterile saline immediately before application, and entails surgical insertion of the paste into the fracture. 

PubChem is a comprehensive, publicly accessible database developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the National Library of Medicine... 

Search engine of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, including a few databases PubMed (MEDLINE biomedical literature), PubMed Central (free digital archive of life sciences journal literature), Books, OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, a catalog of genetically linked diseases),... 

The International Conferences on Harmonization has published its document S6, Preclincial Safety Evaluation of Biotechnology-Derived Pharmaceuticals. The FDA (the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, and the Center for Biologies Evaluation and Research jointly) has published the document as a Guidance for Industry (Anon., 1997a, b FDA, 1989, Hayes and Reyffel, 1999). 

PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication. 

The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBl) home page. Available at www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/OMlM. 

A small number of biotechnology products are classified as medical devices and hence are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health. The first approved biotech product to come under the auspices of the CDRH was OP-1 implant. Marketed by Stryker... 

Kathleen Hefferon completed her PhD in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto. She worked as a post-doctoral research fellow at the University of Georgia and the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research at Cornell University. She became cofounder of two start-up biotechnology companies using patents based upon her own and other research performed at Cornell University. Dr. Hefferon most recently held the title of Director of Operations, Human Metabolic Research Unit, Division of Nutritional Sciences at Cornell University. She also acts as a science writer for the Center for Hepatitis C Research at Rockefeller University in New York City and as an expert selector for the Infection and Immunity Division of the Medical Research Council, in London. She currently lives in the Fingerlakes region of New York with her husband and two children. 

---