Database PubMed

Some Internet search sites that I have found particularly useful include the National Center for Biotechnology information (NCBI) Entrez cross-database search page (http //www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery), which includes PubMed Central containing a limited number of free, full text journal articles. In addition, High Wire Press run by Stanford University also contains many free articles from established journals (http //highwire.stanford.edu/) and is able to search the PubMed database simultaneously. 

PubMed was developed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the National Library of Medicine (NLM) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The PubMed database was developed in conjunction with publishers of biomedical literature as a search tool for accessing literature citations and linking to full-text journal articles at Web sites of participating publishers. Publishers that participate in PubMed supply NLM with their citations electronically prior to or at the time of publication. 

The NCBI s Entrez is apowerful database search engine. This integrated search engine provides a menu (http //www.ncbi.nih.gov/Entrez/index.html) offering the user selections to search biomedical literature (PubMed), databases on OMIM, nucleotide sequence, protein sequence, whole genome sequences, 3D macromolecular structures, taxonomy (organisms in GenBank), SNP,... 

The present book chapter presents an actual summary on the use of LC-MS-based procedures applied to mammalian samples for qualitative and quantitative analysis of tropane alkaloids (TA). Relevant literature obtained from PubMed database search and references cited therein is summarized and commented to provide an overview on various natural TA structures and their related pharmaceutical derivatives. A comprehensive unique set of TA was compiled that is categorized by diverse fields of analytical applications. 

A search on capsaicin reviews in the PubMed database gave 618 entries as at July 1, 2007. Of these reviews, 84 deal specifically with capsaicin, its receptor, or its ligands. 

There are literally thousands of published scientific papers from around the globe describing the antimicrobial activities of natural products [14-17], A search of the PubMed database (data from 1975 to 2005, available on the Internet) produced approximately 1360 reports in the scientific and medical literature that described the antimicrobial activities of various plant species and their chemical constituents. Furthermore, a search of the Napralert database, the world s largest natural products database housed within the University of Illinois at... 

P-Blocker and ACE inhibitor pharmacogenetic studies were identified in the PubMed database from 1966 to July 2013 by combining the following search terms heart failure, variant, polymorphism, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, p-blocker, ACE inhibitor, and each individual drug name. Studies were also identified from the reference lists of articles. Studies were limited to those performed in patients with HF and those published in English. 

A quick search in the PubMed database shows that the number of scientific publications in the microarray area grew exponentially since its introduction in 1995 and remained at 7000 in recent years. Despite its revolutionary growth in the research area, the microarray technique has been slow in penetration in the molecular diagnostic market, as it accounted for only 10% of the whole molecular diagnostic market in 2010 (7). The rather serious concerns about the reproducibility and robustness of microarray data, discussed previously, deterred receiving regulatory approval as well as obtaining success in... 

An interrogation of the Pubmed database for 2006-7 returns nearly 1000 articles and 132 reviews for lipidoses . Of these the predominant subject is the glycolipidoses excluding sterol disorders (e.g., Niemann-Pick type C and... 

Each GenBank record must have at least one reference or citation. It offers scientihc credit and sets a context explaining why this particular sequence was determined. In many cases, the record will have two or more reference blocks, as shown in Appendix 3.1. The preceding sample indicates a published paper. There is a MEDLINE and PubMed identifier present that provides a link to the MEDLINE/ PubMed databases (see Chapter 7). Other references may be annotated as unpublished (which could be submitted) or as placeholders for a publication, as shown. 

MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online) A bibliographic database administered by the US National Library of Medicine (NLM) that contains over 16 million references to journal articles in life sciences and medicine. Cover e extends to more than 5000 journals, with particular emphasis on US journals, and over half a million new records are added annually. The articles are indexed using the NLM s Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) thesaurus, which permits searching using both alphabetical and hierarchical approaches. MEDLINE is the major component of the NLM s PubMed database and can be accessed via Entrez. 

There is no doubt that among DM domain genes, DMRTl has been the most extensively investigated. A careful on-line search of the PubMed database (http //www.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/) provided the wide collection of data about DMRTl expression during vertebrate embryogenesis and in postnatal/adult animal tissues (Table 2). 

We carried out a literature search for articles published up to September 2015 using the PubMed database. In addition, a hand search for relevant articles was also performed. Consequently, 20 articles were selected for review. The design and contents of those studies are summarized in Table 19.1. 

Fig. 78.2 Publication output in the field of phenolic research and intestinal microbiota. The PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pubmed) was searched for the number of articles per year (from 1980 until 2010) responding to the following queries intestinal microbiota (black diamond) and phenolics OR phytoestrogens OR polyphenols (gray squares)...

To investigate this controversy, Cochrane Review and PubMed databases were searched for documentation of anthelmintic drug resistance. First documented... 

Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) is an organophos-phorus compound (OP) that has not been used as a pesticide, chemical warfare agent or plasticizer. However, a search of the PubMed database yielded 3,514 results searching for different s)mon5nns in titles and abstracts, as indicated in Table 57.1. 

In other searches, using only one of the four MeSH terms (isofluorate, DFP, diisopropylphosphofluoridate, or diisopropylphosphoro-fluoridate), 3,085 results were found for those terms. Therefore, the PubMed database uses these four terms as synon3uns and the same references are foimd in any cases. They represent most, but not all, tire publications involving DFP. It should be noted that with the abbreviation of "DFP" some nonrelated publications are referred to (i.e., "bacterial DFP-flavoproteins"). Unfortunately, there is not an established tradition of indicating the CAS number for a unique reference of the chemicals in scientific publications, and standard chemical nomenclature is not always used. The statistics of the distribution of publications over time is shown in Figure 57.1. 

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