Textile materials cushion

Materials used in floor coverings and textiles, seat cushions, trays and galleys, and electrical and ducting equipment must meet the 12-second test [14CFR 25.853(a) Appendix F Part I (a) (I) (ii)]. In order to pass this test, the average burn length of the materials may not exceed 8 in. the average flame time after removal from the flame source may not exceed 15 seconds. 

To provide architects with increased ability to plan the use of textiles in the future, cost analyses need to compare textile solutions with glass alternatives, taking into account the supporting structure and framing systems, the constant energy consumption of the pumps for ETFE cushions and the durability of the system as a whole, as well as cleaning issues to consider the self-cleaning effect of some textile materials. As the cost-related issues... 

Resilience of textile fabrics when compressed in the bent state is related to wrinkle resistance and retention of shape, drape, and hand. Resilience is an important parameter for evaluating blankets, wearing apparel in which warmth is a factor, pUe fabrics including carpets, and bulk fiber utilization in mattresses, cushions, etc. The general method for determining compressional resilience is to compress and unload the material cycHcahy, creating a plot of compressive force versus fabric thickness. 

Latex applications include adhesives, fibre binders (such as in paper and textiles), coatings (such as in paints, coated papers, coated fabrics, coated flooring, and coated insulation), dipping-produced goods (such as balloons, bladders, gloves, and tubing), solid foam products (such as for cushioned furniture), and as a constituent in building materials (such as mortars and concrete) [791]. 

Applications of Fiexible Urethane Foams. Cushioning materials are the major applicatioii of flexible urethane foams. In 1980, the worldwide consumption of urethane foams was as follows (48) furniture and mattress applications, 37% and automotive applications, 18%. In addition to these applications, a wide variety of additional applications have been reported, including transportation, textiles, packaging, appliances, household materials, medical supplies, sound absorbents, sporting goods, cosmetics, agricultural applications such as artificial soil, and toys. 

BFRs are compounds widely used to impart fire retardant properties to textiles, plastics and electronic equipment. They are incorporated into many household products including children s pajamas, upholstery fabrics, polyurethane foams (furniture cushion padding), construction materials, electrical equipment, and personal computers. 

Impinging jet dryers are employed in the case of sheet-like materials such as cardboard, folio, polymer film, paper, textile, and veneer. Hot gas impinges from an array of nozzles onto the good. This process creates high diying rates. Sometimes the good is transported on a substrate and heated from below as well. It may also be transported on air cushions. 

Plate IV Temperature distribution in an industrial building with a double-layered cushion roof under a clear sky at night. A solid layer is hardly visible and unstable air currents appear. The material temperatures drop to -10 C (calculated using Textile Climate, Laboratory Blum, FemScope). 

N.f. provide more metabolic energy than proteins and carbohydrates 37.7 kj/g (9.0 kcal/g). They are also important as body insulation and cushioning materials for organs, and as components of cell membranes. In addition to their nutritional role, N.f. are used commercially in the production of fatty acids, glycerol, soaps, salves, candles, fuel and lubricants. Drying oils are used in paints, varnishes and textile dyes. For biosynthesis and degradation of N.f. see Acylglycerols. 

D knitted textiles have already been widely used as technical textiles in different fields. The future work should be on the development of new 3D knitted structures with more extra functions to meet the requirements of new application fields. For example, warp-knitted spacer fabrics have great structural variations. By using different structures and fibre materials, they have been developed to have various physical functions to be used in different fields, such as cushioning, sound absorption, smart textiles and thermal collection. New potential application fields should be identified first in the future, and then fabric stmctures can be designed to better match the specific applicatimis. 

Flexible polyurethane foams are open-cell structures which are usually produced with densities in the range 1.5—3 Ib/ft The major interest in flexible foams is for upholstery applications and thus the load-compression characteristics are of importance. Typical load-deflection curves for polyether and polyester foams are shown in Figure 14.2. The most obvious difference between polyether and polyester foams is the lower resilience of the polyester materials. This feature has led to a preference for polyether foams in cushioning applications. Compared to polyether foams, polyester foams have higher tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness consequently polyester foams are preferred in such applications as textile laminates and coat shoulder pads. 

Hometech (domestic textiles) These are textiles used in a domestic environment, such as interior decoration and furniture, carpeting, curtains, cushion materials, fireproofing, floor, and wall coverings. 

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