Textile classification

Reath, N. A. Sachs, E. B. Persian Textiles and Their Techniques from the Sixth to the Eighteenth Centuries Including a System for General Textiles Classification Yale University New Haven, 1937 p. 3. 

Table 3. Classification of High Performance Fibers and High Technology Textiles by Property...

Another way to classify high performance fibers and high technology textile materials or products is by types of appHcations. A scheme of 10 main categories has been adopted (Table 4) and is similar to several classification schemes previously reported (28). 

Benzyl alcohol is sold in fractional and 3.5-kg glass bottles, and steel dmms containing 22, 113, and 208 kg. The photo and textile grades are available in tankwagon and tankcar quantities. Ereight classification chemicals, NOIBN ICC regulations, none. 

Classification by usage or appHcation is the principal system adopted by the Colour Index (5). Because the most important textile fibers are cotton (qv) and polyester, the most important dye types are those used for dyeing these two fibers, including polyester—cotton blends (see Fibers, polyester). 

The surfactants used as textile auxiliaries can be divided into four major groups, depending on the type and distribution of the polar forces, an arrangement broadly resembling the ionic classification of dyes. The general scheme is shown in Table 8.1. 

Pigments are classified by an internationally recognised convention, published in the International Colour Index by the Society of Dyers and Colourists in Bradford, in association with the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. The Index issues a generic name to chemically identical products (e.g., titanium dioxide is classified as C.I. Pigment White 6). Where structures are known, pigments are also given a constitution number (e.g., titanium dioxide has the constitution number Cl 77891).This number is reserved for the essential colorant, other ingredients, such as the carriers used in a masterbatch, do not affect this classification. 

Dyes are classified in accordance with either the chemical constitute or their application to textile fibers for coloring purposes. Table 1 gives this classification... 

Table 25. Classification of methods of dye and textile effluent treatment [314]...

Innovation drivers The auxiliary producers implemented the system of classification to facilitate the communication between textile finishers and water authorities and to avoid additional regulatory requirements for textile finishing. Furthermore they created a system, which enables them to characterise environmental properties of a product without the necessity to disclose their recipes. 

For a long time the toxicity of released wastewater was mainly determined by the detection of biological effects from pollution, high bulks of foam, or intensively colored rivers near textile plants. Times have changed and the identification and classification of wastewater currently are fixed by communal regulations [1,2]. 

Toward the Classification of Colorants in Archaeological Textiles of Eastern North America... 

Archaeological textiles from eastern North America colorant classification, 15-43 colorant testing protocol, 29-39 coloration, literature review, 16-17... 

Until now we have mainly treated adsorption onto non-porous surfaces. In reality, most industrial and many natural materials are porous Textiles, paper, bricks, sand, porous rocks, food products, zeolites etc. We start our discussion with a classification of pores according to their size, which is recommended by IUPAC ... 

The principles of ecotoxicological quality classification based on the TU index are included in the 2002 recommendations of the Helsinki Commission (HELCOM). The classification applies to samples of treated effluents discharged to waters from industrial plants manufacturing chemicals,98 textiles,99 and pesticides.100 HELCOM recommends testing the acute toxicity of effluent samples using two of the four suggested indicator organisms (Table 9.6). 

Many investigators have proposed and utilized instrumentation that measures the thermophysical properties of textiles. One fundamental classification system for such instruments is based on the state of the heat flow involved (a) constant temperature,... 

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