General scheme for

TABLE XI,9,1. GENERAL SCHEME FOR SEPARATION OF A WATER-INSOLUBLE MIXTURE... 

Fig. 3. General scheme for producing benzene, PX, and OX from catalytic reforming.

General schemes for the identification of natural and synthetic fibers have been estabhshed by the Textile Institute and by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (8). A comprehensive treatment of burning, solvent, staining, microscopy, and density techniques has been given (9) and a general discussion of procedures for identifyiag synthetic fibers has been presented (10). 

Various specific experiments support this general scheme. For example, in 80% aqueous acetone, the rate constant for lacemization ofp-chlorobenzhydiyl p-nitrobenzoate (/ ) and that for exchange of label in the carbonyl group can both be measured. At 100 C, kjk = 2.3. 

The general scheme for this type of tautomeric reaction is 310a 310b. 

This fact can serve as a model system for the study of PS-MA-Lewis acid systems. Results obtained allow one to present the general scheme for the side chain modification of PS in the presence of Lewis acid in the following way ... 

Figure 5.28 General scheme for syntheses of aromatic diamines or dinitro precursors.

Scheme 73 General scheme for cycloaddition of triazines with enamines...

Figure 3 General scheme for the preparation of T4R4 species. ...

R = CMe2CHMe2, tBu, 2,4,6-/Pr3-CeH2 Figure 5 General scheme for the synthesis of TgRe species. 

Fundamental advances are offered by the knowledge of energy states and their electronic distributions in organic compounds and the relationship of these to reaction mechanisms. The development, for example, of even an empirical and approximate general scheme for the estimation of activation energies would indeed be most notable. 

Figure 4.6. General scheme for the synthesis of linear alkyl benzenes, precursors to surfactants. Control over pore size of the catalyst can suppress the second alkylation almost completely. Given the ease with which the pore size can be chosen, one can design an effective catalyst for any particular reaction, and allow the selective and clean production of the desired mono-alkyl product, thus eliminating much of the waste associated with the process.

A very simplified but general scheme for the mechanism of all these transformations is shown below (Scheme 6.1). The first step of the catalytic cycle is the oxidative addition of the organo-hahde or -triflate B to produce the species C. Transmetallation of the appropriate organometalhc reagent D forms E which, upon reductive elimination, provides the desired product and regenerates the catalyst A. 

Scheme 9.6 General scheme for aryl halide carbonylation...

Scheme 9.7 General scheme for double carbonylation of aryl iodides with secondary amines...

Scheme 9.8 General scheme for oxidative carbonylation of phenylamine with CO/O ...

Scheme 9.11 General scheme for catalytic coupling of aryl boronic acids with diazonium ions using Pd-SIPr to make ketones...

Scheme 4-2 General scheme for the base-catalyzed hydroamination of ethylene with Et2NH...

Greeley J, Nprskov JK. 2005. A general scheme for the estimation of oxygen binding energies on binary transition metal surface alloys. Surf Sci 592 104-111. 

This general scheme for the oxidation reaction is very sensitive to the surface stmcture. The first studies with single-crystal electrodes revealed that the voltammetric profiles for the three basal planes, Pt(lll), Pt(lOO), and Pt(llO), were completely different (Fig. 6.13) [Clavilier et ah, 1981 Lamy et al., 1983 Adzic et ah, 1982]. The lowest currents are obtained for the Pt(l 11) electrode, which in mm has a very low poisoning rate, as suggested by the small hysteresis. In fact, the reaction on this... 

Figure 8.10 General scheme for the isolation of drugs from biological fluids.

A general scheme for the bloassay directed Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial agents from plants Is presented and discussed. The utility of the procedure Is demonstrated by the characterization of two antimicrobial alkaloids from the tulip tree, Llrlodendron tullplfera L. The generalization of the approach to the study of allelopathic agents In plants Is suggested. 

Scheme 10.3 General scheme for reversible photo chromism...

Fig. 7. General scheme for radiolabeling antibodies with rhenium using N2S2-ligand (N3S-ligand)...

Scheme 3.1. General scheme for an intramolecular domino radical reaction.

Scheme 10.32. General scheme for multicomponent domino Knoevenagel/hetero-Diels-Alder hydrogenation sequence.

Figure 4 General scheme for constructing N-steps low-pass J filters. Low-pass filtering process can be repeated and improved several times with different intervals t, r2,... in order to properly eliminate all Vch peaks when a wide range of one-bond coupling constants Vch is present in the molecule.

Mielke, S. L. Truhlar, D. G., A new Fourier path integral method, a more general scheme for extrapolation, and comparison of eight path integral methods for the quantum mechanical calculation of free energies, J. Chem. Phys. 2001,114, 621-630... 

---