Bottles glass

You can observe heterogeneous nucleation easily in carbonated drinks like "fizzy" lemonade. These contain carbon dioxide which is dissolved in the drink under pressure. When a new bottle is opened the pressure on the liquid immediately drops to that of the atmosphere. The liquid becomes supersaturated with gas, and a driving force exists for the gas to come out of solution in the form of bubbles. The materials used for lemonade bottles - glass or plastic - are poor catalysts for the heterogeneous nucleation of gas bubbles and are usually very clean, so you can swallow the drink before it loses its "fizz". But ordinary blackboard chalk (for example), is an excellent former of bubbles. If you drop such a nucleant into a newly opened bottle of carbonated beverage, spectacular heterogeneous nucleation ensues. Perhaps it is better put another way. Chalk makes lemonade fizz up. 

Bouteillenglas, n. bottle glass, brach, pret. (of brechen) broke, etc. brach, a. fallow. 

The packaging systems used were discussed in some detail in several EPARs. The number of products requiring a desiccant of some type is quite a high proportion of the total. In many cases both blister packs (of various compositions) and bottles (glass or plastics) were used for the same product. Effectiveness in protecting light-sensitive active ingredients and products is mentioned in the EPARs. Child resistance and tamper evidence is also mentioned. 

When bagasse is burned the ash remaining is of such a composition that it can be used in the manufacture of bottle glass. ... 

Arsenic trioxide is used as a starting material to prepare metallic arsenic and a number of arsenic compounds. It is also used as a decolorizer for bottle glass in pigments and ceramic enamels for preserving hides as a wood preservative as an analytical standard in oxidimetry titrations and in many rodenticide and herbicide formulations. 

Silicate of soda, lime, alumina, and oxide of iron. Example —Coarse grew wine-bottle glass. 

Comparing this analysis with thatef common bottle-glass, already given at page 191, it will -be seen that the amount of the potassa is reduced to at least one-third or ft half of the ordinary quantity. Moreover, this analysis shows that the sample analysed consisted of one equivalent of sesquisilicate of iron or of alumina, and one equivalent of bisilicate of lime or of potassa. 

D Aecet found, it is true, -that bottle-glass was, devitrified without changing its weight. That might happen, in -fact, when the oxygen, absorbed by the transition from the oxide of iron to the- sesquioxide, Is equal in weight to the potassa volatilized. 

Among the bottle-glasses, there are many which resist the action of wine, and which, nevertheless, are powerfully attacked by the nitric, hydrochloric, end sulphuric acids. Salts of lime, of iron, of alumina, and alum, are formed when sulphuric acid ie used. This acid produces in the interior of the bottles crystalline nipples or pustules, the base of which ultimately pierces the vessel these pustuleB arc sometimes of the size of a bean in all cases the silica set free assumes a jelly-like appearance. 

A bottle-glass too rich in alnmina 1b one of those which the acids most readily attock. Dumas states that he has seen such glasses, which the bitartrate of potassa contained in the wine attacked so quickly that the alteration was perceptible at the end of a few days. 

Baryta.—This substance, iu the form known as heavy spar—Ba 0, S 0 —is sometimes added to the constituents of common bottle-glass, to render it more easy of fusion. 

Glass from Volcanic Products,—Dumas remarks that certain lavas, pumices, pitchstone, and other volcanic products, approach so closely to bottle-glass in their composition, that the possibility cf turning them to account in this way cannot be doubted. The merit of the first attempts of this kind is due to Chaptal aod if these attempts did not succeed, this must be attributed to the timo at which thoy were made, rather than to the idea itself, which is both good in theory and must be capable of succeeding in practice. The analyses will be sufficient to prove this —9... 

With pumice-stenc, forge-scoria, chalk, and a little soda In proper proportions, bottle-glass might therefore be made. Basalt would require only the addition of a little chalk and soda. Pitchstone treated like pumice-stone would furnish it also-... 

I. Green Bottle-Glass,—The materials for common glass bottles are coarser and cheaper than for any... 

At the present time, in choosing ingredients for bottle-glass, economy is the chief object color and appearance are here of no moment. Little soda or potsssn is admitted into the composition, of this description of glass and, as the carbonates of these bases are costly, it is usual to employ in the bottle glass-works only recent ashes or wrack-soda to furnish the alkali, Moreover, the other materials are taken in a state of impurity fit only for bottles. 

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