Tetrahydrophthalic acid

Alkenylsuccinic anhydrides made from several linear alpha olefins are used in paper sizing, detergents, and other uses. Sulfosuccinic acid esters serve as surface active agents. Alkyd resins (qv) are used as surface coatings. Chlorendric anhydride [115-27-5] is used as a flame resistant component (see Flame retardants). Tetrahydrophthalic acid [88-98-2] and hexahydrophthalic anhydride [85-42-7] have specialty resin appHcations. Gas barrier films made by grafting maleic anhydride to polypropylene [25085-53-4] film are used in food packaging (qv). Poly(maleic anhydride) [24937-72-2] is used as a scale preventer and corrosion inhibitor (see Corrosion and corrosion control). Maleic anhydride forms copolymers with ethylene glycol methyl vinyl ethers which are partially esterified for biomedical and pharmaceutical uses (189) (see Pharmaceuticals). 

Diethyl m-hexahydrophthalate has been prepared from cis-hexahydrophthalic acid, absolute ethanol, and sulfuric acid, and from cfs-hexahydrophthalic anhydride, absolute ethanol, and sulfuric acid. Diethyl cw-A -tetrahydrophthalate has been prepared from cfx-A -tetrahydrophthalic acid or its anhydride, ethanol, and sulfuric acid. Dimethyl cfx-A -tetrahydrophthalate and dimethyl cw-hexahydrophthalate have been synthesized by the procedures of this preparation. ... 

SYNS BICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPTENE-2-DICARBOXYUC ACID, 2-ETHYLHEXYLIMIDE ENDOMETHYLENE-TETRAHYDROPHTHALIC ACID, N-2-ETHYLHEXYL IMIDE ENT 8,184 N-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)BICYCLO-(2,2,l)-HEPT-5-ENE-2,3-DICARBOXIMIDE N-2-ETHYLHEXYUMIDEENDOMETHYLENETETRAHYDR OPHTHALIC ACID N-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)-5-NORBORNENE-2.3-DICARBOXIMIDE 2-(2-ETHYLHEXYL)-3a.4,7,7a-TETRAHYDRO-4,7-METHANO-1H-ISOINDOLE-1,3(2H)-DIONE MGK-264 OCTACIDE 264 N-OCTYLBICYCLO-(2.2.1)-5-HEPTENE-2,3-DICARBOXEvnDE PYRODONE SYNERGIST 264 VAN DYK 264... 

C8H9N02 tetrahydrophthalic acid imide 85-40-5 518.92 45.705 2 13866 C8H10N2O 1-acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine 114-83-0 506.65 44.523 2... 

In the above mentioned reaction, platinum oxide and palladium on barium sulfate showed no perceptible change in the rate of hydrogen uptake. On the other hand, platinum oxide was selective in the hydrogenation of cyclohexa-2,4-diene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid to 1,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid . A similar result may be the favored reduction of a symmetrical disubstituted double bond over a more hindered trisubstituted bond. The retarding effect of additional substitution is demonstrated in the hydrogenation of a trisubstituted double bond in the presence of a tetrasubstituted double bond (equation 53) ". ... 

Captan is not toxic to warm-blooded animals. The acute oral lDj for rats is 9000 mg/ kg. No evidence of chronic toxicity has been found (Boyd and Carsky, 1971 Seidler er a/., 1971). It is only slightly irritating to the skin. Captan is rapidly absorbed and metabolised in warm-blooded animals, almost the whole quantity being excreted in the feces within 3 days. Unchanged captan could not be detected in rats tetrahydrophthalimide and tetrahydrophthalic acid were found transitorily in the blood. 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) AI3-22626 Anhydrid kyseliny tetrahydroftalove BRN 0082340 Butadiene-maleic anhydride adduct EINECS 201-6054 HSDB 846 Maleic anhydride adduct of butadiene NSC 82642 Phthalic anhydride, 1,2,36-tetrahydro- Rikacid TH Tetrahydrottalanhydrid Tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride THPA. 

Beilstein Handbook Reference) BRN 0128764 CCRIS 3648 EINECS 201-602-8 HSDB 5006 Isoindole-1,5dione, 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro- NSC 59011 Tetrahydrophthalic acid imide Tetrahydrophthalimide. Used in manufacture of pesticides Captan... 

Benzoic acid has been hydrogenated to cyclohexyl carboxylic acid but only under elevated pressures (30atm). Low yields of ring hydrogenated compounds have been obtained by reduction of benzoic acid at Pb electrodes. This indicated that while catalytic processes play the major role in the mechanism there is some contribution of an electronic mechanism to the overall mechanism. Phthalic acid and its esters are more readily reduced to dihydrophthalic compounds at a Pb cathode and to tetrahydrophthalic acid at a Hg cathode. ... 

UP Resins for Fillers. Tack-free films are also obtained if phthalic acid anhydride is substituted with tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride [2.104]. The addition of en-domethyl tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride (a cycloaddition product of maleic acid and cyclopentadiene) also has a positive effect on the air-drying properties [2.105]. Both product classes have become popular above all in the manufacture of binders for highly extended fillers for vehicle repair applications. 

Synonyms 4-Cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Maleic anhydride adduct of butadiene 3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-1,3-isobenzofurandione Tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride [gD] Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride THPA Definition Commercial prod, is the cis-isomer Empirical CsHsOs Formula C,iH8(C0)20... 

Tetrahydronaphthalene. See Tetrahydronaphthalene dl-Tetrahydronicotyrine. See Nicotine Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine Tetrahydro-2H-1,4-oxazine Tetrahydro-4H-1,4-oxazine Tetrahydro-p-oxazine. See Morpholine Tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride. See Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride... 

Chlorine compounds can be added to the polymer or incorporated in the polymer chain itself. Chloroparaffins are suitable additives, but because of their incompatibility with the polymer, the processed articles lose their transparency and suffer deterioration of mechanical properties. In many cases, therefore, incorporation is preferable. Unsaturated polyesters are thus made more flameproof by condensing in what is called HET acid (hexachloro-endomethylene-tetrahydrophthalic acid, the Diels-Alder product of hexachlorocyclopentadiene and maleic acid) ... 

Succinimides from maleimides s. 17, 769 Friedel-Grafts reactions with -tetrahydrophthalic acid derivatives cf. E. Schefczik, B. 98, 1270 (1965)... 

Similarly, 3,6-endomethylene-l, 2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic acid (EMTA) has been proposed as a buffer near pH 7.0 devoid of nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus for use in bacteriological systems. (Mallette, 1967). 

The half-life (x) of e-N-maleyl lysine is 11 h at pH 3.5 and 37 °C. More rapid cleavage is observed with the 2-methyl-maleyl derivative (x < 3 min at pH 3.5 and 20 °C) and the 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-succinyl derivative (x very low at pH 9.5 and 0°C). Cysteine binds maleic anhydride through an addition reaction. The S-succinyl derivative is quite stable. This side reaction is, however, avoided when protein derivatization is done with exo-cis-3,6-end-oxo-l,2,3,6- tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride ... 

In reaction systems in which carboxylation is effected by the use of the half-esters of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and mono-hydric alcohols, acid-catalysed hydrolysis of the half-ester can be a factor which complicates the distribution of carboxylic-acid groups in the final latex (15) the shorter is the alkyl chain length of the alcohol from which the ester was prepared, the greater is the tendency to hydrolysis. The presence of interaction products of carboxylic acids and one or more of the main monomers can be a further complicating factor an example is the foimation of surface-active products by Biels-Alder reaction between dienes and unsaturated acids thus butadiene can react with maleic acid to form 1,2,3 6-tetrahydrophthalic acid (15) ... 

Tetrahydrophthalic acid has the specific effect of reducing the negative influence of oxygen on the curing of the resin surface,... 

Examples of stereoelective copolymerization have been reported. Matsuura, Tsuruta, Terada, and Inoue (156) prepared a polyester from 3-phenyl-A -tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride and propylene oxide using diethyl zinc-(+)borneol as an optically active catalyst and obtained an optically active polyester. The authors reported that the stereoelective copolymerization of 3-phenyl-tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride had occurred, but that of propylene oxide was not observed. Kximata, Furukawa, and Saegusa (157) copolymerized racemic propylene oxide with ethylene oxide using the ZnEt2/(+)-borneol system, and found that stereoelectivity of propylene oxide was not hindered by the occurrence of an ethylene oxide unit at the end of the growing chain. 

Let us also mention some asymmetric-selective copolymerizations with propylene oxide (PO) it could be expected that another chiral co-monomer would favor the asymmetric-selection of one of both co-monomers. Tsuruta etal.[ S 2i] reported the asymmetric-selection copolymerization of 3-phenyl-4-tetrahydrophthalic acid anhydride with PO (LXI). Minoura et al [152] described the alternating copolymerization of PO and d-camphoric acid anhydride with diethylzinc triethylamine as optically inactive initiator the... 

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