Technical and economic feasibility

Manufacture and Economics. Nitrogen tritiuoride can be formed from a wide variety of chemical reactions. Only two processes have been technically and economically feasible for large-scale production the electrolysis of molten ammonium acid fluoride and the direct fluorination of the ammonia in the presence of molten ammonium fluoride. In the electrolytic process, NF is produced at the anode and H2 is produced at the cathode. In a divided cell of 4 kA having nickel anodes, extensive dilution of the gas streams with N2 was used to prevent explosive reactions between NF and H2 (17). 

The main objectives of RCRA ate to protect pubHc health and the environment and to conserve natural resources. The act requires EPA to develop and adininistet the following programs soHd waste disposal practices providing acceptable protection levels for pubHc health and the environment transportation, storage, treatment, and disposal of hazardous wastes practices that eliminate or minimize hazards to human health and the environment the use of resource conservation and recovery whenever technically and economically feasible and federal, state, and local programs to achieve these objectives. 

The next topic to address is the process of setting OELs. The rationale for setting OELs has no basis in absolute information, and the procedure to be followed may differ from country to country and from substance to substance. Scientific criteria for health protection should be used in combination with considerations of their technical and economic feasibility in a dynamic process in which the development of scientific knowledge underlies rapid changes entailing the need to periodically review the data. 

In the technological approach, qualitative and quantitative inforraatioii on emissions released by various production and work processes, as well as data on control technology performance, are required in order to specify the air quality target levels that are technically and economically feasible. The approach is based on information on current concentration levels that are achieved by different control technologies, ranging from standard practices to the most advanced technology options (Fig. 6.7). 

During this phase the objectives of the system as well as the system performance specifications are identified. In addition, the technical and economic feasibility of the project is evaluated. 

Nonselective membranes can assist enantioselective processes, providing essential nonchiral separation characteristics and thus making a chiral separation based on enantioselectivity outside the membrane technically and economically feasible. For this purpose several configurations can be applied (i) liquid-liquid extraction based on hollow-fiber membrane fractionation (ii) liquid- membrane fractionation and (iii) micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF). 

Even though recent progress in hardware and software development has made it possible to study quite large molecules, systems of the size considered here do not lend themselves to studies with any ab initio technique. The Hartree-Fock method has the advantage of being size consistent, which Is a necessity for this type of study when results for molecules of vastly different size are to be compared. In addition, the method is technically and economically feasible for these large systems. 

Palladium on a purified activated carbon support has been selected as a very suitable catalyst for the reaction. We have reported that the performance of this catalyst looks very promising and that a CFC hydrogenolysis plant based on this catalyst is both technically and economically feasible [3-5]. This paper deals with the stability of the selected catalyst, the long term influence of the hydrogen to CCI2F2 feed ratio on the catalyst performance and the influence of the possible recycle components methane and CHCIF2 on the performance of the catalyst. 

In the feed pretreatment section oil and water are removed from the recovered or converted CCI2F2. The reactor type will be a multi-tubular fixed bed reactor because of the exothermic reaction (standard heat of reaction -150 kJ/mol). After the reactor the acids are selectively removed and collected as products of the reaction. In the light removal section the CFCs are condensed and the excess hydrogen is separated and recycled. The product CH2F2 is separated from the waste such as other CFCs produced and unconverted CCI2F2. The waste will be catalytically converted or incinerated. A preliminary process design has shown that such a CFC-destruction process would be both technically and economically feasible. 

A trade-off between selectivity and solvability should be considered when selecting a solvent. Adding co-solvents can make tough separations technically and economically feasible. Lee and Gentry (1997) have tabulated dielectric constants of selected solvents. A new class of solvents is based on the use of an aqueous. solution of hydrotropes. Gaikar and Sharma (1989) have reported the separation of close-boiling p-cresol and 2,6-xylenol with aqueous solutions of hydrotropes, such as the sodium salt of p-toluene sulphonic acid, as a novel solvent in extractive distillation. 

Feasibility study (tells the technical and economical feasibility and environmental impact compared to one or several reference systems). 

Recent advances in drilling and fracking technologies have made the access to huge deposits of natural gas in shale deposits technically and economically feasible. These are located across the United States and elsewhere [19,20], and thus shale gas production has grown about 48% per year from 2006 to 2010 in the United States. This fact will influence the American and the world energy outlooks for the near future, together with the variation in the oil price [21]. The... 

Compare the technical and economic feasibility of the options identified. 

Small hospital in a densely populated catchment area evaluate the specific contribution of HWWs to the total WWTP influent, in particular, the most critical PhCs administrated in the health structure. Evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of adopting dedicated specific treatments for HWWs. Evaluate advantages and drawbacks of co-treatment. 

Gunter, W. D., Bachu, S. et al. 1996. Technical and economic feasibility of C02 disposal in aquifers within the Alberta sedimentary basin, Canada. Energy Conversion and Management, 37, 1135— 1142. 

Under European chemicals legislation, proposals to restrict the production or use of chemicals, or to authorize the use of a chemical subject to the authorization procedures of REACH, are subject to a socio-economic analysis. The socio-economic analysis should include the following consideration of the commercial impacts on manufacturers, importers and downstream users the impacts on consumers the social impacts, such as effects on job security and employment the availability, suitability, technical and economic feasibility of alternative substances and/or technologies implications for trade, competition and economic development and the benefits for human health and the environment and the economic and social benefits of restrictions or refusal of authorizations (Regulation (EC) 1907/2006, Annex XVI). 

The definition of the Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration MAK (maximum workplace concentration) is the highest tolerable concentration of a chemical as gas, vapor or dust in the atmosphere at a workplace to which an employee can be exposed (using the best current knowledge) without any adverse effects on the health of an individual employee within a normal 8-hour period based on an average working week of 40 hours. The fundamental exposition schemes are based on the operative mechanism of the substance, on scientific criteria for health protection, and practical experience, rather than on technical and economic feasibility. 

Selection of the program s goals is done through analysis of the technical and economic feasibility of the waste minimization options identified. Technical evaluation determines whether a proposed option is possible to implement (i.e., is the necessary equipment and/... 

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