Tank truck

Butanes are shipped by pipeline, lad cat, sea tanker, barge, tank truck, and metal bottie throughout the wodd. All U.S. container shipments must meet... 

Tanks Tank cars (single and multiple tank), tank trucks, portable tanks, drums, barrels, camoys, and cans are used to transport fluids (see Figs. 10-184-10-186). Interstate transportation is regulated by the DOT. There are other regulating agencies—state, local, and pri-... 

Graziano s tariff hsts many regulated (dangerous) commodities (Part 172, DOT regulations) for transportation. This includes those that are poisonous, flammable, oxidizing, corrosive, explosive, radioactive, and compressed gases. Part 178 covers specifications for all types of containers from carboys to large portable tanks and tank trucks. Part 179 deals with tank-car construction. 

Equipment for Hazardous-Wastes Collection The eqmp-ment used for collection varies with the characteristics of the wastes. For short-haul distances, drum storage and collecdion with an enclosed trailer are often preferred methods. Full-size drums are usually shipped four to a pallet. Smaller sizes are stacked and/or wrapped up to 10 per pallet. As hauling distances increase, larger tank trucks, trailers, and railroad tank cars are used. 

Ridge and furrow, sprinkhng (fixed or portable systems), tank-truck spreading, subsurface injection. 

Are there documented specifications for approval to ship final product containers (for example, tank trucks, drums, and hags) ... 

Loading facilities must be designed to recover all vapors generated during filling of tank trucks or tanker ships. Otherwise these vapors will be lost to the atmosphere. Since they may be both odorous and photochemically reactive, serious air pollution problems could result. The collected vapors must be returned to the process or disposed of by some means. 

Small concentrations of volatile components in a liquid mixture may accumulate in the vapor space of a container over time and appreciably reduce the flash point relative to the reported closed-cup value. This may be the result of degassing, chemical reaction or other mechanism. An example is bitumen [162]. Similarly, if a tank truck is not cleaned between deliveries of gasoline and a high flash point liquid such as kerosene or diesel oil, the mixture might generate a flammable atmosphere both in the tmck tank and the receiving tank. Contamination at the thousand ppm level may create hazards (5-1.4.3 and 5-2.5.4). Solids containing upward of about 0.2 wt% flammable solvent need to be evaluated for flammable vapor formation in containers (6-1.3.2). 

Large, (e.g. tank cars, tank trucks, stationary tanks, hopper cars/trucks, multiple medium containers.)... 

Bulk unloading facilities usually must be provided at the treatment plant. Rail cars are constructed for top unloading and therefore require an air supply system and flexible connectors to pneumatically displace the alum from the car. U.S. Department of Transportation regulations concerning chemical tank car unloading should be observed. Tank truck unloading is usually accomplished by gravity or by a truck mounted pump. 

Select a transportation mode to minimize risks to the extent practicable. Drums, ISO tanks, tank trucks, rail tank cars, barges, and pipelines offer tradeoffs in inventory, container integrity, size of potential incidents, distance from supplier or customer, and the frequency of incidents. 

Barges may have fewer accidents than tank trucks, but the severity of a major release from a barge may be great enough to make the higher potential accident rate with tank truck shipments the better choice. 

Rail cars, tank trucks, and some reactors and storage tanks were cleaned manually by personnel who entered the vessel fatalities occurred from unexpected or undetected low oxygen content or toxicity. An inherently safer system is a rotating pressurized water spray head that does the cleaning without vessel entry. 

Calor Gas Limited, Coryton occupies a small site employing about 100 people to fill cylinders with LPG which is supplied by pipelines from both of the nearby refineries and stored in it.s seven tanks 350 tonnes total capacity. Large numbers of portable cylinders of all sizes, full and empty, are on the site totalling about 500 tonnes of LPG. These are transported by road gases are transported in tank trucks. 

Fortunately, the tank truck was fitted with a device to prevent it from departing when the filling hose was connected [IJ, and the driver was able to drive only a few yards. 

A tank truck hit a pipeline leading to a group of tanks. The pipeline went over the top of the dike wall, and it broke off inside the dike. The engine of the truck ignited the spillage, starting a dike fire, which damaged or destroyed 21 tanks and 5 tank trucks. 

Figure 9-14. Unusual arrangement of relief valve and pipevimk on tank truck used to transport liquid carbon dioxide. The relief valve was cooled by the liquid and became blocked by ice from condensed atmospheric moisture. (Illustration courtesy of the Institution of Chemical Engineers.)...

This chapter is not concerned with accidents on the road. Rather, it describes some of the many incidents that have occurred while tank trucks and cars (known in Europe as road and rail tankers) were being filled or emptied. Section 18.8 shows how hazard and operability studies have been used to spot potential hazards in filling systems, and Section 22.3 describes some runaway reactions in tank trucks and cars.. 

Tank trucks and cars have been overfilled on many occasions, both when filled automatically and when filled by hand. 

In automatic systems the filler sets the quantity to be filled on a meter, which closes a valve when this required quantity has been delivered. Overfilling has occurred because the wrong quantity was set on the meter, because there was already some liquid in the tank (left over from the previous load), and because the filling equipment failed. For these reasons many companies now fit their tank trucks with high-level trips, which automatically close a valve in the filling line [8]. 

Tank trucks and cars that are filled by hand have been overfilled because the filler left the job for a few minutes and returned too late. On one occasion an operator thought a tank truck had a single-compartment tank when in fact there were two compartments. He tried to put the full load into one compartment. 

On another occasion, after a tank truck had been filled during the night, the operator completed a filling certificate—a very small piece of paper—and slipped it inside the dispatch papers. This was the usual prac-... 

Hoses have failed while tank trucks or cars were being filled or emptied for all the reasons listed in Section 7.1.6, in particular because damaged hoses or hoses made from the wrong material were used. However,... 

Plant instioictions stated that a portable barrier should be put in front of tank trucks being filled, but the barrier was not being used. However, if it had been in use, the driver might have removed it. 

A device that can be fitted to a tank truck to prevent anyone from driving it away while a hose is connected is described in Reference 2. A plate is fixed in front of the hose connection. To connect the hose, this plate has to be moved aside, and this applies the brakes. Reference 3 describes a special type of hose that seals automatically if it breaks there ai e also other types. 

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