X-ray fluorescence synchrotron radiation

Shimojo N, Homma S, Nakai I, et al. 1991. Nondestructive synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence imaging of trace elements on methylmercury and selenium administered guinea pigs. Anal Lett 24(10) 1767-1778. 

SR-XRF synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectrometry SS solid sampling... 

Experimental (dots) and simulated (solid curve) synchrotron radiation-X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) spectra obtained for the NIST SRM 1577b bovine liver standard, corresponding to 21 keV excitation at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) ID18F end-station (Adapted from Vincze et al. 2004)... 

Besides total concentration of multielements, their spatial distribution in samples is also very important in understanding their bioavailability, trophic transfer, and environmental risk. A number of complementary analytical techniques exist for the mapping of elemental distributions in biological tissues including SRXRF (synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence) with microbeam (SR-pXRF), microscopic EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence), microscopic WDX (wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence), microscopic PIXE (particle-induced X-ray emission), laser ablation ICP-MS, microscopic SIMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry). 

Nanoscale titanium dioxide (Ti02) is massively produced and widely used in the living environment, which may lead to a potential risk to human health. The central nervous system (CNS) is the potential susceptible target of inhaled nanoparticles, but related studies have been limited so far. Wang et reported the accumulation and toxicity results in vivo of two crystalline phases of Ti02 nanoparticles (80 nm rutile and 155 nm anatase purity > 99%). The female mice were intranasally instilled with 500 pg of Ti02 nanoparticles suspension every other day for 30 days. Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence analysis (SRXRF) was used to determine titanium distribution in the murine brain. 

SR-nXRF Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence with microbeam... 

The typical features of chemical modifiers used in graphite furnace AAS are exemplified by the use of hydrofluoric acid as a modifier in the determination of Cu and Mn in seawater [328], and by the use of CaCl2 and ZrOQ2 as modifiers in the determination of B [329]. Tsalev et al. [330] determined Cd and Pb with stabilized phosphate deposited on permanently modified platforms, while Pereira-Filho et al. [331] used Zr and Pd + Mg as modifiers in the determination of Al, Cd, and Pb in biological slurry samples dispensed on Lvov platforms. They studied the elemental distributions of P, S, Ca, Ti, Fe, Zr, Hf, and Pd on these platforms by micro synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence and the morphology of the platforms by scanning electron microscopy. 

Mommsen, H., A. Brining, H. Dittmann, A. Hein, A. Rosenberg, and G. Sarrazin (1997a), Early Roman cameo glass X ray fluorescence analysis induced by synchrotron radiation (S.I.X.R.E), Glass Sci. Technol. (Glasstechnische Berichte) (July), 211-219. 

Mommsen, H., Beier, Th., Dittmann, H., et al. (1996). X-ray fluorescence analysis on inks and papers of incunabula with synchrotron radiation. Archaeometry 38 347-357. 

Inner electrons are usually excited by X-rays. Atoms give characteristic X-ray absorption and emission spectra, due to a variety of ionization and possible inter-shell transitions. Two relevant refined X-ray absorption techniques, that use synchrotron radiation, are the so-called Absorption Edge Fine Structure (AEFS) and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS). These techniques are very useful in the investigation of local structures in solids. On the other hand, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) is an important analytical technique. 

Mommsen, H., H. Dittmarm, A. Hern, and A. Rosenberg (1997b), X-ray fluorescence analysis induced by synchrotron radiation (S.Y.X.R.R) and first archaeometric applications, in Dirksen, D. and G. von Bally (eds.). Optical Technologies in the Humanities, Springer, Berlin, pp. 119-121. 

Total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis Electron microprobe analysis Particle induced X-ray emission Synchrotron radiation induced X-ray emission... 

Fig. 3. Schematic view of a beam line in a synchrotron radiation facility for x-ray absorption experiments using a wiggler as x-ray source and a fluorescence detection system. The incident radiationJlux is measured usually by a ionization chamber. The absorption is measured by the ratio of the x-ray fluorescence I detected by the photomultipliers and...

In their reviews in the Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry series. Atomic Spectrometry Update and Atomic Mass Spectrometry and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Bacon etal. (1991, 1993) include various variants of X-ray fluorescence spectrometric techniques such as synchrotron radiation XRF microprobe (SRXRF-microprobe), X-ray microfluorescence (XRMF), total reflection XRF (TXRF), and synchrotron radiation XRF (SRXRF). This tradition continues in reviews in this journal dedicated to X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Potts et al. 2001,... 

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