Surface modification with poly

Teramura Y, Iwata H (2011) Improvement of graft survival by surface modification with poly (ethylene glycol)-lipid and urokinase in intraportal islet transplantation. Transplantation 91 271-278... 

Covalent surface modification with poly(AAP) consist of the following steps ... 

Kuo WH, Wang MJ, Chien HW, Wei TC, Lee C, Tsai WB. Surface modification with poly(sulfobetaine methacrylateco-acrylic acid) to reduce fibrinogen adsorption, platelet adhesion, and plasma coagulation. Biomacromolecules 2011 12 4348-56. 

Zinc sulfide, with its wide band gap of 3.66 eV, has been considered as an excellent electroluminescent (EL) material. The electroluminescence of ZnS has been used as a probe for unraveling the energetics at the ZnS/electrolyte interface and for possible application to display devices. Fan and Bard [127] examined the effect of temperature on EL of Al-doped self-activated ZnS single crystals in a persulfate-butyronitrile solution, as well as the time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) of the compound. Further [128], they investigated the PL and EL from single-crystal Mn-doped ZnS (ZnS Mn) centered at 580 nm. The PL was quenched by surface modification with U-treated poly(vinylferrocene). The effect of pH and temperature on the EL of ZnS Mn in aqueous and butyronitrile solutions upon reduction of per-oxydisulfate ion was also studied. EL of polycrystalline chemical vapor deposited (CVD) ZnS doped with Al, Cu-Al, and Mn was also observed with peaks at 430, 475, and 565 nm, respectively. High EL efficiency, comparable to that of singlecrystal ZnS, was found for the doped CVD polycrystalline ZnS. In all cases, the EL efficiency was about 0.2-0.3%. 

A.-J. Wang, J.-J. Xu, Q. Zhang and H.-Y. Chen, The use of poly(dime-thylsiloxane) surface modification with gold nanoparticles for the microchip electrophoresis, Talanta, 69 (2006) 210-215. 

Boric acid ester salts can be formed by reacting alcohols (including diols) with boric acid in the presence of alkaline metal salts. The surface modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) with boric acid and sodium hydroxide leads to... 

As mentioned above, the dispersion stability of the slurry is directly related with CMP performance, removal rate, within-wafer nonuniformity (WIWNU), which is defined as the standard deviation divided by the average of remaining thickness after CMP, microscratching, and the remaining particle on the wafer. To avoid poor CMP performance, the dispersion stability of the slurry must be controlled by preventing silicon ion dissolution. Surface modification of the silica particle was produced by addition of an organic additive. Without surface modification, the amount of silicon dissolution was 1.370 0.002 mol/L, while surfaces modified with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) polymer yielded a dissolution of 0.070 0.001 mol/L, almost 20 times less than the unmodified surface. 

Figure 7.9. Change in resonant oscillation frequency of a piezoelectric transducer (a) with, and (b) without poly(A) immobilized to the surface. Step 1 is surface modification with copolymer, Step 2 is poly(A) immobilization, and Step 3 is hybridization to target poly(U).10 [Reprinted, with permission, from N. C. Fawcett, J. A. Evans, L.-C. Chien, and N. Flowers, Anal. Lett. 21, 1988, 1099-1114. Nucleic Acid Hybridization Detected by Piezoelectric Resonance . Copyright 1988 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.]...

The cell-binding properties of chitosan have led to numerous studies where chitosan is used as a surface coating. Chitosan was employed as a surface modification of poly(e-caprolactone) scaffolds and in vitro studies with fibroblasts showed significantly improved cell attachment and proliferation when chitosan was present. In another study, polyurethane scaffolds were prepared and surface-modified with chitosan for the same reason. This study showed that on the modified scaffold a monolayer of endothelial intima was formed. The incorporation of collagen with chitosan as a chi-tosan-collagen scaffold enhanced the resultant scaffold s ability to support cell attachment and is a strategy similar to the incorporation of peptide sequences. ... 

Drugs like spantide II and ketoprofen, which are effective against allergic contact dermatitis and psoriatic plaque, can be transformed into nanogels by using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and carbopol with the desired viscosity. BUayered nanoparticles from poly-(lactide-co-glycohc acid) and chitosan were prepared using surface modification with oleic acid. 

Surface modification with hydrophilic polymers, such as poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), has been beneficial in improving the blo( compatibility of polymeric biomaterials. Surface-bound PEO is expected to prevent plasma protein adsoiption, platelet adhesion, and bacterial adhesion by the steric repulsion mechanism. PEO-rich surfaces have been prepared either by physical adsorption, or by covalent grafting to the surface. Physically adsorbed PEO homopolymers and copolymers are not very effective since they can be easily displaced from the surface by plasma proteins and cells. Covalent grafting, on the other hand, provides a permanent layer of PEO on the surface. Various methods of PEO grafting to the surface and their effect on plasma protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and bacterial adhesion is discussed. 

Dendrimers such as poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) and poly(propylenimine) (PPI) have also been studied for gene delivery in vitro and in vivo due to their high transfection efficiency. However, the toxicity of the dendrimers is of major concern for their medical use. Generally, in vivo toxicity of dendrimers is related to various factors, including their chemical structure, surface charge, generation and the dose of dendrimer used. Surface modification with PEG or replacement with low generation dendrimers have been reported to be able to improve the biocompatibility of these biomaterials. ... 

Li-hua, L., Shan, D., Ye, T, Jin-huan, T. and Chang-ren, Z. 2008. Surface modification of poly-D, L-lactic acid film with plasma graft polymerization. Tissue Eng. Res. Clin. Recovery 12 1-10. 

Cui, YL., Di Qi, A., Liu, WG. et al. 2003. Biomimetic surface modification of poly(L-lactic acid) with chitosan and its effects on articular chondrocytes in vitro. Biomaterials 24 3859-3868. 

Wang, D. Oleschuk, R. D. Horton, J. H., Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) with a Perfluorinated Alkoxysilane for Selectivity Toward Fluorous Tagged Peptides. Langmuir 2008, 24,1080-1086. 

Lee, S. Voros, J., An Aqueous-Based Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane) with Poly(ethylene glycol) to Prevent Biofouling. Langmuir 2005, 21,11957-11962. 

Lora et al, did try to enhance the biocompatibility of poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)-phosphazenes] (PTFP) and poly[bis(phenoxy)phosphazenes] (PPP) by grafting different side groups on the polymer surface (Figpme 28). Graft copolymerization w ith dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate (DMAEM) onto the polyphosphazene surfaces highly enhances their biocompatibility. Subsequent heparinization has a negative effect, which is more appreciable with the PPP-based samples (Lora et al., 1991). Surface modification of poly[bis(trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene] with... 

Lee S, Voros J. An aqueous-based surface modification of poly(dimethylsiloxane) with poly(ethylene glycol) to prevent... 

---