Prevention of biofouling

Lewis AL (2000) Phosphorylcholine-based polymers and their use in the prevention of biofouling. Colloid Surf B Biointerfaces 18 261-275... 

Abarzua, S., Jakubowsky, S. Biotechnological investigation for the prevention of biofouling. I. Biological and biochemical principles for the prevention of biofouling. Marine Ecology Progress Series 123 (1995), 301-312. 

From the results presented in this work is should be evident that A -halamine biocidal polymer coatings are effective at inactivation of bacteria and the prevention of biofouling on surfaces. Once exhausted of halogen, the biocidal surface films can be regenerated by exposure to aqueous-free halogen. Thus, such coatings should have considerable commercial potential. 

Although a wide variety of polymeric materials have been utilized in the attempted prevention of biofouling as described in the extensive review by Kingschott and Grieser, by far the most popular materials have been ones based on PEG/PEO. ... 

The literature on the prevention of biofouling has been reviewed by Benson and by Mitchell and Benson.However, electrochemical... 

Bockris, J. O M., Dahr, H. P., and Langham, L. R., An Electrochemical Approach to the Prevention of Biofouling Phenomena, Final Report 14-34-0001-0446 to the U.S. Dept, of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Office of Water Research, 1983. 

The PCHE was chosen because space constraints were critical (see Figure 9.2) and the above ground location favoured the 1 tonne PCHE rather than the 20 tonne equivalent shell and tube exchanger. Prior to installation, a series of trials on the prevention of biofouling in narrow channel heat exchangers carried out at another BP Amoco terminal showed that control by chemical injection was acceptable in the titanium PCHE (Anon, 1998 Reay, 1999). 

An important and expensive problem in surface science occurs in the prevention of the attachment of marine animals such as barnacles to ship surfaces, a process known as biofouling. Baier and Meyer [159] have shown that the Zisman plot can be used to predict biofouling, thus avoiding costly field tests to find a successful coating to prevent biofouling. 

R. Baboian, G. S. Haynes, B. S. Ryskiewich, and B. J. Freedman, Biofouling Prevention of Flat Surfaces Using in situ Electrolysis of Seawater, Mater. Perform. 19(10), 42-46 (1980). 

De Prijck, K., Nelis, H. and Coenye, T. 2007. Efficacy of silver-releasing rubber for the prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation in water. Biofouling J. Bioadhes. Biofilm Res. 23(6) 405-411. 

For proteins, this implies a change in biological functioning as well. Hence, in the various applications, one tries to optimize the adsorbent-protein interaction aiming at preservation of biological activity after adsorption or prevention of subsequent adverse events, for instance, in biofouling. 

The SSWS pump structures must be equipped with safety-grade traveling screens with a screen wash system. The screen mesh size must prevent flow blockage of the pump inlets, and limit ingestion of biofouling, organics, and debris, (see CESSAR-DC, Section 9.2.1.2.1.4). 

The objectives of biofouling treatment techniques are to kill microbes remove microbes and dead microbial bodies (which can become food for new growth) prevent adhesion, propagation, and biofilm maturation and remove nutrients that foster microbial growth. Techniques to accomplish these objectives include ... 

Numerous allomones and kairomones imderlie very important phenomena, especially defense systems for algae, invertebrates that are fixed (sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans and ascidians) or have very limited mobility (some molluscs and worms), food stimulants, the prevention of epibiosis (biofouling), and problems related to the recognition of usefiil non-self organisms in the case of symbiosis. The potential applications are enormous. 

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