Stearic acid potassium salt

Potassium Stearate, Stearic acid potassium salt. 

EINECS 209-786-1 Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt Potassium n-octadecanoate Potassium octadecanoate Potassium stearate Steadan 300 Stearates Stearic acid, potassium salt. Used in manufacture of textile softeners. White waxy solid slightly soluble in H2O. CK Witco Corp. Original Bradford Soapworks. 

Synonyms Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt Potassium octadecanoate Stearic acid, potassium salt... 

Stearic Acid, Ammonium Salt Ammonium Stearate Tartar Emetic Antimony Potassium... 

Methyl ethyl ketone Mineral oils Oleic acids Oleic compounds Pnosphate salts Phosphoric acid Potassium hydroxide Pulp mill liquors Sodium hydroxide Stearic acid Sulfate salts Sulfuric acid Tall oil Toluene... 

SNG Substitute natural gas. soaps Sodium and potassium salts of fatty acids, particularly stearic, palmitic and oleic acids. Animal and vegetable oils and fats, from which soaps are prepared, consist essentially of the glyceryl esters of these acids. In soap manufacture the oil or fat is heated with dilute NaOH (less frequently KOH) solution in large vats. When hydrolysis is complete the soap is salted out , or precipitated from solution by addition of NaCl. The soap is then treated, as required, with perfumes, etc. and made into tablets. 

The most commonly used emulsifiers are sodium, potassium, or ammonium salts of oleic acid, stearic acid, or rosin acids, or disproportionate rosin acids, either singly or in mixture. An aLkylsulfate or aLkylarenesulfonate can also be used or be present as a stabilizer. A useful stabilizer of this class is the condensation product of formaldehyde with the sodium salt of P-naphthalenesulfonic acid. AH these primary emulsifiers and stabilizers are anionic and on adsorption they confer a negative charge to the polymer particles. Latices stabilized with cationic or nonionic surfactants have been developed for special apphcations. Despite the high concentration of emulsifiers in most synthetic latices, only a small proportion is present in the aqueous phase nearly all of it is adsorbed on the polymer particles. 

Soaps are the detergents used since long. Soaps used for cleaning purpose are sodium or potassium salts of long chain fatty acids, e.g., stearic, oleic and palmitic acids. Soaps containing sodium salts are formed by heating fat (i.e., glyceryl ester of fatty acid) with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction is known as saponification. 

Sodium, potassium, and calcium salts of ascorbic acids are called ascorbates and are used as food preservatives. These salts are also used as vitamin supplements. Ascorbic acid is water-soluble and sensitive to light, heat, and air. It passes out of the body readily. To make ascorbic acid fat-soluble, it can be esterified. Esters of ascorbic acid and acids, such as palmitic acid to form ascorbyl palmitate and stearic acid to form ascorbic stearate, are used as antioxidants in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. 

Oleic acid is the principal fatty acid of olive oil (83% ), which also contains smaller amounts of the saturated palmitic (6%) and stearic (4%) and of the doubly unsaturated linoleic acid (7%). The NMR spectrum of the archaeological sample was closely matched by spectra of commercial oleic acid (Figure 2) as well as by mixtures of the acid with its sodium and potassium salts (Figure 3). 

An aliphatic ketone (9-heptadecanone) and two keto derivatives of stearic acid (as potassium salts) containing a ketone functionality either at position 5 or 12 were incorporated into bilayers of the phospholipid l,2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. Infrared spectra of these mixtures were measured as a function of temperature and amount of added cholesterol. It was found that the presence of cholesterol in these bilayers induces changes in the location of the guest ketone and that these changes are dependent on both temperature and cholesterol concentration. It is also demonstrated that, in the gel phase, the presence of cholesterol induces larger intersheadgroup separations and, therefore, water penetrates deeper into the lipid bilayer. 

Soap comprises the sodium or potassium salts of various fatty acids, but chiefly of oleic, stearic, palmitic, lauric, and myristic acids. 

Melamine resins are used from this group of thermosets for the manufacture of food contact materials. The melamine can be used in mixtures with urea and in some applications with phenol (< 1 %). The polymerization process is catalyzed in the presence of organic acids (e.g. acetic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid), hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium and potassium hydroxide, ammonia, calcium or magnesium hydroxide as well as salts of these substances (total < 1 %) which cause the elimination of water and lead to a cured resin system. Stearic acid can be used as a lubricant as can zinc, calcium and magnesium salts, esters of montanic acid with ethandiol and 1,3-butandiol, as well as silicone oil (total < 1 %). 

Pesticidal soaps are potassium salts of fatty acids. The most effective soaps are potassium salts of capric (C10), lauric (C12), myristic (C14), palmitic (C16), and stearic (C,8) acids (Ware and Whitacre, 2004). The chemical structure of potassium laurate is as follows ... 

PROP Consists of aluminum, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium salts of capric, captyUc, lauric, myristic, oleic, palmitic, and stearic acids manufactured from fats and oils derived from edible sources. 

The sodium or potassium salt of palmitic acid, or of stearic acid or the mixed salts of several acids obtained from ordinary fats, is the common substance known as soap. This particular reaction of hydrolysis, is, therefore, known, also, as a reaction of saponification (soap formation). Strictly speaking the reaction of saponification applies only to the alkaline hydrolysis of fats, i,e., of glycerol esters, but, as the hydrolysis of other esters is a reaction of exactly the same character, the term is used to apply equally to the hydrolysis of any ester in presence of an alkali. In the case of the lower alcohol and lower acid esters, e.g., ethyl acetate, the salt formed is not a soap but is a crystalline salt, sodium acetate. 

Salts, smelling Ammonia-based preparations used as a restorative in hysterical syncope (fainting). Dry smelling salts (or vinaigrettes) are composed of ammonium chloride and potassium carbonate, perfumed with lavender liquid smelling salts are composed of ammonium carbonate dissolved in stronger ammonia water and alcohol, and perfumed with oils solidified smelling salts are similar preparations solidified with stearic acid. ... 

The simplest and most common synkinons are non-branched, saturated fatty acids from C12 to C18 (trivial names lauroyl Cl2, myristoyl Cl4, palmitoyl or cetyl Cl 6, stearoyl Cl8) and their sodium, ammonium and potassium salts (also known as soaps ). Laurie, myristic, palmitic and stearic acids are barely soluble in water at 20°C (5.5, 2.0,0.7 and 0.3 mg/L) and 60°C (8.7, 3.4, 1.2 and 0.5 mg/L), each ethylene group lowering the solubility by a factor of 2-3. The solubilities of the corresponding sodium and potassium salts are, however, in the order of several grams per litre. Even in highly concentrated emulsions of soaps in distilled water ( 30% w/w), precipitation of solids is often not observed. Bivalent fatty acid salts, however, are just as insoluble as free fatty acids only 1.4 mg of calcium stearate dissolves in 1 L of water. ... 

This is soluble in water and can be isolated from the raw wool by aqueous extraction. It contains potassium salts of fatty acids, such as oleic and stearic acids, and potassium carbonate is also present. The simpler organic acids, such as acetic, lactic, butyric, valeric, and capronic acids, have also been found both in the free state and as their potassium salts. Amino acids such as leucine, glycine, and tyrosine have been detected. Suint, therefore, is a complex mixture this might be expected because it is derived from sweat, which is known to be one of the means by which an animal discards unwanted waste products of its metabolism. 

Palmitic acid and stearic acid are colorless, wax-like substances, which melt at 63° and 69°, respectively. They are insoluble in water, but dissolve in organic solvents. The sodium and potassium salts of the acids are soluble in water, while those of calcium, magnesium, and the heavy metals are insoluble. Both acids have the normal structure, that is, the alkyl radicals which they contain, C15H31, and C17H3B, respectively, consist of carbon atoms united in a straight chain. 

Fig. 2 Chemical structures of common nitroxide spin probes Fremy s salt (potassium nitrosodi-sulfonate) TEMPO and derivatives (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl), DOXYL (4,4-dimethyl-oxazolidine-l-oxyl) PROXYL (2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrrolidine-l-oxyl) Dehydro-PROXYL (2,2,5,5-tetramethylpyrroline-l-oxyl) 5-DSA (5-DOXYL stearic acid) 16-DSA (16-DOXYL stearic...

Water containing Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe2+ ions is known as hard water because, when soap is first added, a lather cannot be obtained. Common soap made from animal fat or vegetable oil is a mixtures of sodium and potassium salts of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids. These salts are soluble and are dissociated in water. They readily form a lather with pure water and are widely used for cleansing purposes. However, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Fe2+ ions react with soap and form insoluble salts that separate as slimy, sticky precipitates. For example, Ca2+ ions react with stearate ions as follows. 

Monovalent and polyvalent alkyl carboxylates are respectively called "soap" and "metallic soap." The straight chain of the fatty acids varies from C12 to C20. Higher members are too hydrophobic to be used and lower members have little surfactant value. Stearic acid soaps are doubtless the most widely utilized emulsifiers in oil-in-waier emulsions. Unsaturated fatty acid soaps such as oleate produce fluid emulsions (IS). The most common associated cations are sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, ammonium, and triethanolamine. Monovalent salts of carboxylic acids are generally used to produce oil-in-water emulsions. 

Classification Sat. aliphatic carboxylic acid salt Definition Potassium salt of stearic acid Empirical C18H36KO2 Formula CH3(CH2)i6COOK Properties Wh. powd., si. fatty odor readily sol. in hot water producing alkaline sol ns. sol. in diethyl ether, ethanol, chloroform, carbon disulfide slowly sol. in cold water m.w. 322.63 Toxicology Essentially nontoxic inh. of high cones, of dust may cause coughing, mild... 

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