Stronger Ammonia Water

Ammoniacal Silver Nitrate TS, 850 Ammonia Detector Tube, 862 Ammoniated Glycyrrhizin, 23 Ammonia TS, 850 Ammonia TS, Stronger, 850 Ammonia Water, Stronger, 850 Ammonium Acetate TS, 850 Ammonium Alginate, 24 Ammonium Alum, 20 Ammonium Bicarbonate, 25 Ammonium Carbonate, 25 Ammonium Carbonate TS, 850... 

Ammonia Water, Stronger, Ammonium hydroxide aqua ammonia Spirit of Hartshorn". A soln of 28-29% NH] in water. 

United States Pharmacopeia stronger ammonia water ammonia test solution normal (1 N) aqua ammonia chemically pure technical, Bh°... 

Ans. The order of catalytic activity in water is the same as the order of acidity. In anhydrous ammonia, a stronger base than water (i.e., a more efficient proton acceptor), all three acids are strong. 

The cyclohexanone in Eq. (21.17) exists in the form of oil droplets and forms a heavier lower phase in cyclohexane. This lower phase undergoes a Beckmann rearrangement with excess sulfuric acid or oleum to give caprolactam. Hydrogen chloride is displaced by the stronger acid and recycled to nitrosyl chloride production [see Eq. (21.16)]. The rearrangement reaction mixture is neutralized with ammonia water to give crude lactam and ammonium... 

Ammonia TS, Stronger (15.2 A in NH3) (Ammonium Hydroxide Stronger Ammonia Water) Use ACS reagent-grade Ammonium Hydroxide, which is a practically saturated solution of ammonia in water, containing between 28% and 30% of NH3. 

Salts, smelling Ammonia-based preparations used as a restorative in hysterical syncope (fainting). Dry smelling salts (or vinaigrettes) are composed of ammonium chloride and potassium carbonate, perfumed with lavender liquid smelling salts are composed of ammonium carbonate dissolved in stronger ammonia water and alcohol, and perfumed with oils solidified smelling salts are similar preparations solidified with stearic acid. ... 

Ammoniaca ammoniacum aqua ammonia concentrated ammonia solution spirit of hartshorn stronger ammonia water. 

Now let s see how we knew that water acts as a base in the first reaction in Section 1.16 and as an acid in the second reaction. To determine which of the reactants will be the acid, we need to compare their pK values The pK of hydrogen chloride is —7 and the pK of water is 15.7. Because hydrogen chloride is the stronger acid, it will donate a proton to water. Water, therefore, is a base in this reaction. When we compare the pK values of the two reactants of the second reaction, we see that the pK of ammonia is 36 and the pK of water is 15.7. In this case, water is the stronger acid, so it donates a proton to ammonia. Water, therefore, is an acid in this reaction. 

The boiling points of ammonia, water and hydrogen fluoride are anomalously high compared to those of the hydrides of other elements in groups 15, 16 and 17 of the periodic table. This is evidence for the existence of hydrogen bonds which are appreciably stronger than the London (dispersion) forces that exist between molecules. 

Hydrogen bonds between —OH groups are stronger than those between —NH groups as a comparison of the boiling points of water (H2O 100 C) and ammonia (NH3 —33 C) demonstrates... 

Reductions. Hydrazine is a very strong reducing agent. In the presence of oxygen and peroxides, it yields primarily nitrogen and water with more or less ammonia and hydrazoic acid [7782-79-8]. Based on standard electrode potentials, hydrazine in alkaline solution is a stronger reductant than sulfite but weaker than hypophosphite in acid solution, it falls between and Ti ( 7). 

Iron(III) bromide [10031-26-2], FeBr, is obtained by reaction of iron or inon(II) bromide with bromine at 170—200°C. The material is purified by sublimation ia a bromine atmosphere. The stmcture of inoa(III) bromide is analogous to that of inon(III) chloride. FeBr is less stable thermally than FeCl, as would be expected from the observation that Br is a stronger reductant than CF. Dissociation to inon(II) bromide and bromine is complete at ca 200°C. The hygroscopic, dark red, rhombic crystals of inon(III) bromide are readily soluble ia water, alcohol, ether, and acetic acid and are slightly soluble ia Hquid ammonia. Several hydrated species and a large number of adducts are known. Solutions of inon(III) bromide decompose to inon(II) bromide and bromine on boiling. Iron(III) bromide is used as a catalyst for the bromination of aromatic compounds. 

With Ammonia and Amines. Ethylene oxide reacts with ammonia to form a mixture of mono-, di-, and triethanolamines. Nitrogen is a stronger nucleophile than oxygen (59). A small amount of water is essential for the reaction (60). 

Example A common misconception is that the conjugate base of a weak acid is strong. This is sometimes, but not always, true. It is tme, for exanple, for ammonia, which is a very weak acid (pK 36). Its conjugate base amide ion (H2N ) is a much stronger base than HO . It is not true, however, for acetic acid both acetic acid and its conjugate base acetate ion are weak. The conjugate base of a weak acid will be strong only when the acid is a weaker acid than water. 

In this section we report a detailed summary of the experimental studies on the interaction of TS-1 with H2O and NH3. The choice of these two molecules is far from random. Interaction with water is important since the catalyst works in aqueous solution (Sect. 2). The interest in the study of NH3 is twofold ammonia is a reactant in the ammoximation of cyclohexanone to give cyclohexanone oxime and it is a stronger base than water, thus allowing a direct comparison between the effects induced by Lewis bases of increasing strength. 

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