Potassium octadecanoate

Potassium octadecanoate was prepared in situ by neutralization of stearic acid (Hopkin Williams Ltd.) using a slight excess (2 cw of 0.1 M) potassium hydroxide solution to prevent hydrolysis. A concentration of 8.2 x 10 mol dm was used in all experiments. Although labelled Pure1, this sample of stearic acid was stated to contain a maximum of 6 % palmitic acid and 3 % oleic acid. Another sample (BDH Specially Pure ) was stated to be 99 % by gas-liquid chromatography. A... 

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (BDH Chemicals Ltd.) was suitable for gas-liquid chromatography i.e. was free from commercial detergent additives but contained 60 % sodium sulfate. It was used at a concentration of 4.6 x 10 mol dm which is four times the c.m.c. (1.15 x 10 " mol dnT (18)) in the absence of an additional electrolyte. The concentration of sodium sulfate was 1.7 x 10 mol dm . The same concentration of excess potassium hydroxide was used (4.0 x 10 mol dm ) as in the experiments with potassium octadecanoate. 

Variation with Temperature of the Number of Latex Particles formed in the Thermal Polymerizationof Styrene emulsified with 9.15 x 10 2 mol dm 3 Potassium Octadecanoate... 

Figure 1. Arrhenius plots of dependence of number of particles formed per cm3 water on temperature in the thermal polymerization of styrene emulsified with (I) potassium octadecanoate and (II) sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate...

Figure 2. Particle size distribution for latex particles formed by thermal polymerization of styrene emulsified with potassium octadecanoate at 65°C...

In the present experiments greatly enhanced rates of thermal emulsion polymerization were observed when potassium octadecanoate or sodium dodecyl sulfate (at 0.12 mol dm ) whereas sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and Triton1 X-100 (Rohm Haas, a non-ionic emulsifier octylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy)-ethanol) did not enhance the rate. The conversion after 12 hr at 60 °C with potassium octadecanoate was 69 % whereas with sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate it was only 29 % (Fig. 2). 

Increase of ionic strength reduces the stability of electrostatically stabilized latex particles and causes them to coalesce at sufficiently high values. However the difference in the effects of potassium octadecanoate and sodium dodecyl benzene... 

It thus seems that sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium tetrapropylene benzene sulfonate, and potassium octadecanoate do accelerate the thermal initiation reaction of styrene but that Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate do not although the latter is effective in accelerating thermal initiation of alkyl methacrylates (3 ). ... 

EINECS 209-786-1 Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt Potassium n-octadecanoate Potassium octadecanoate Potassium stearate Steadan 300 Stearates Stearic acid, potassium salt. Used in manufacture of textile softeners. White waxy solid slightly soluble in H2O. CK Witco Corp. Original Bradford Soapworks. 

Figure 4.2 Progress of the emulsion polymerization of styrene at 40 °C determined dilatometrically illustrating reproducibility [63]. The duration of Interval I was approximately 1 min. Monomer water mass ratio 1 8. Potassium persulfate 2.78 X 10" mol dm. Potassium octadecanoate 3.88 x 10 mol dm . (Reproduced by permission of the Royal Society)...

Potassium nitrite (1 1). See Potassium nitrite Potassium octadecanoate. See Potassium stearate... 

Synonyms Octadecanoic acid, potassium salt Potassium octadecanoate Stearic acid, potassium salt... 

Potassium naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate Uses Dispersant for dyes, dyestuffs, inks, latex paints, wax emulsions, wallboard coating, ore flotation grinding aid Trade Names Daxad 11 KLS Potassium naphthalene sulfonate Uses Dispersant sec. emulsifier for emulsion polymerization Potassium octadecanoate. See Potassium stearate Potassium 9-octadecenoate Potassium cis-9-octadecenoic acid. See Potassium oleate... 

Materials. The following chemicals were used without further puri-. fication cis-9-octadecanoic acid (Fluka A.G., 99%), 1-pentanol (Fluka A.G., 7 99%), potassium (Riedel and Hahn A.G.), sodium chloride (Merck p.a.), and twice-distilled water. The potassium oleate was prepared by titration with oleic acid of an ethanolic potassium ethoxide solution (6). 

Bar s et al. studied the system octadecanoic acid/ethylene oxide/potassium octade-canoate, in the bulk, mostly at 120 °C. 

The same reaction was studied by Shvets et al. who prepared the catalyst (K octadecanoate) in situ by introducing potassium hydroxide into molt octade canoic acid. They not only considered the main reaction ... 

Kolthoff and Strides [137] showed an almost linear increase in the solubilizing capacity for dimethylaminobenzene, (DMAB) within the series, potassium dodecanoate to octadecanoate. Introduction of a double bond (potassium oleate), however, produced a decrease in solubilizing power as compared to a saturated compound of similar length. A branched chain compound (di-amylsulphosuccinate) solubilized less DMAB than did potassium tetradecanoate, but more than potassium decanoate (same number of carbon atoms in the longer chain), whereas dodecylamine hydrochloride showed a greater solubilizing power than potassium dodecanoate. 

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