Starch processing industry

The com starch processing industry provides a veiy good example of how biocatalysts can be successfully employed in bioprocessing on a very large commercial scale. Just... 

Rausch KD. Front end to backpipe Membrane technology in the starch processing industry. Starch/Starke 2002 54 273-284. 

Glucans are useful as raw materials for starch processing industries, dietary compositions, compositions for food additives, adhesive compositions, inclusion compounds and absorbing compounds, medical and cosmetic compositions, film-type product compositions, and as an alternative for starches used in biodegradable plastics. Methods for the production of glucan have been described (4). The reaction starts from glucose and inorganic phosphate, such as... 

Worldwide consumption of industrial enzymes amounted to approximately 720 million in 1990 about one-third was accounted for by the U.S. market. Estimation of worldwide consumption is difficult because official production figures are scarce. A relatively large portion of the production of starch-processing enzymes is for internal consumption. Furthermore, the currency used for the estimation also influences the result considerably. 

The category Enzymes as industrial catalysts , including the starch-processing, antibiotics and the fine-chemicals industry, is covered in chapter 4. 

Starch Liquefaction. Starch in its natural state is only degraded slowly by CC-amylases. To make the starch susceptible to enzymatic breakdown, it is necessary to gelatinize and liquefy a slurry with a 30—40% dry matter content. Gelatinization temperature depends on the type of starch (67) com is the most common source of industrial starches followed by wheat, tapioca, and potatoes. Liquefaction is achieved by adding a heat-stable a-amylase to the starch slurry. The equipment used for liquefaction may be stirred tank reactors, continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR), or a jet cooker. Most starch processing plants liquefy the starch with a single enzyme dose in a process using a jet cooker (Fig. 9). 

The extruder is used extensively in the food processing industry. Grains and starches can be hydrolyzed easily. 

Culled) food potatoes are not normally used because of their low dry matter content (glassy potatoes) and relatively small starch granules,5 which are more difficult to process. When the price of food potatoes is low due to overproduction (culled) food potatoes are sometimes processed between the starch campaigns in Europe. Reclaimed potato starch, which is starch recovered from the process waters from other potato processing industries (French fry, chip/crisp and potato puree manufacturers) is processed on a small scale in Europe and North America. 

Some creative approaches to try to match the regular demand of a tapioca production process with the irregular supply of feedstock have been taken. Meuser et al.27 demonstrated that starch could be recovered from either cassava chips or pellets, although the starch is obtained at some sacrifice of quality. Nauta28 has proposed large silos for the storage of tapioca starch, similar to those used in the potato processing industry. At present, the primary supply of tapioca starch remains fresh roots. 

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