Purees manufacture

Culled) food potatoes are not normally used because of their low dry matter content (glassy potatoes) and relatively small starch granules,5 which are more difficult to process. When the price of food potatoes is low due to overproduction (culled) food potatoes are sometimes processed between the starch campaigns in Europe. Reclaimed potato starch, which is starch recovered from the process waters from other potato processing industries (French fry, chip/crisp and potato puree manufacturers) is processed on a small scale in Europe and North America. 

Properties 99.9% pure (manufacturer), BET specific surface area 1.2 m-/g, specific density 7967 kg/m [147]. 

Methylene chloride ("Chrom Pure") manufactured by American Burdick Jackson (distributed by American Scientific Products) was used. 

These examples show a switch from pure manufacturing to broader companies that provide a variety of services as... 

Same as in level 2, but in addition there is a shift from a pure manufacturing Push Process to a hybrid Push-Pull system. 

CCls CHO. A colourless oily liquid with a pungent odour b.p. 98°C. Manut actured by the action of chlorine on ethanol it is also made by the chlorination of ethanal. When allowed to stand, it changes slowly to a white solid. Addition compounds are formed with water see chloral hydrate), ammonia, sodium hydrogen sulphite, alcohols, and some amines and amides. Oxidized by nitric acid to tri-chloroethanoic acid. Decomposed by alkalis to chloroform and a methanoate a convenient method of obtaining pure CHCI3. It is used for the manufacture of DDT. It is also used as a hypnotic. 

H2N (CH2)a NH2- Colourless solid when pure m.p. 4LC, b.p. 204 C. Manufactured by the electrochemical combination of two molecules of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile followed by catalytic reduction, or by a series of steps from cyclohexanone via adipic acid. Used in the production of Nylon [6, 6]. 

Apart from the academic literature, one should read the book "Secrets of Methamphetamine Manufacture" by Uncle Fester [18], This book explains all about the in-home applications of these pressure methods. Strike, however, emphasizes reactions that are purely chemical. 

Antibiotics. Solvent extraction is an important step in the recovery of many antibiotics (qv) such as penicillin [1406-05-9] streptomycin [57-92-17, novobiocin [303-81-1J, bacitracin [1405-87-4] erythromycin, and the cephalosporins. A good example is in the manufacture of penicillin (242) by a batchwise fermentation. Amyl acetate [628-63-7] or -butyl acetate [123-86-4] is used as the extraction solvent for the filtered fermentation broth. The penicillin is first extracted into the solvent from the broth at pH 2.0 to 2.5 and the extract treated with a buffet solution (pH 6) to obtain a penicillin-rich solution. Then the pH is again lowered and the penicillin is re-extracted into the solvent to yield a pure concentrated solution. Because penicillin degrades rapidly at low pH, it is necessary to perform the initial extraction as rapidly as possible for this reason centrifugal extractors are generally used. 

Raw Materials. Eor the first decade of PET manufacture, only DMT could be made sufficiently pure to produce high molecular weight PET. DMT is made by the catalytic air oxidation of -xylene to cmde TA, esterification with methanol, and purification by crystallization and distillation. After about 1965, processes to purify cmde TA by hydrogenation and crystallization became commercial (52) (see Phthalic ACID AND OTHER... 

In 1990, appioximately 66,000 metric tons of alumina trihydiate [12252-70-9] AI2O2 3H20, the most widely used flame retardant, was used to inhibit the flammabihty of plastics processed at low temperatures. Alumina trihydrate is manufactured from either bauxite ore or recovered aluminum by either the Bayer or sinter processes (25). In the Bayer process, the bauxite ore is digested in a caustic solution, then filtered to remove siUcate, titanate, and iron impurities. The alumina trihydrate is recovered from the filtered solution by precipitation. In the sinter process the aluminum is leached from the ore using a solution of soda and lime from which pure alumina trihydrate is recovered (see Aluminum compounds). 

Chlorendic Acid. Chlorendic acid [115-28-6] and its anhydride [115-27-5] are widely used flame retardants. Chlorendic acid is synthesized by a Diels-Alder reaction of maleic anhydride and hexachlorocyclopentadiene (see CyclopentadlENE and dicyclopentadiente) in toluene followed by hydrolysis of the anhydride using aqueous base (60). The anhydride can be isolated directly from the reaction mixture or can be prepared in a very pure form by dehydration of the acid. The principal use of chlorendic anhydride and chlorendic acid has been in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins. Because the esterification rate of chlorendic anhydride is similar to that of phthalic anhydride, it can be used in place of phthalic anhydride in commercial polyester... 

Manufacture. The transition- and heavy-metal fluoroborates can be made from the metal, metal oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with fluoroboric acid. Because of the difficulty ia isolating pure crystalline soflds, these fluoroborates are usually available as 40—50% solutions, M(BP. Most... 

Processing conditions are closely guarded trade secrets, but manufacturer s Hterature provides some information. The seaweed is extracted with hot water at slightly alkaline pH. The aqueous extract is filtered and recovered by alcohol precipitation, dried, and milled. Dmm-drying provides a less pure product. 

Hydrocarbons. Synthesized hydrocarbons are the most popular of the synthetic base stocks. These are pure hydrocarbons (qv) and are manufactured from raw materials derived from cmde oil. Three types are used olefin oligomers, alkylated aromatics, and polybutenes. Other types, such as cycloahphatics, are also used in small volumes in specialized apphcations. 

In general, siUca has proved to be a good material of constmetion for the burner. Cast iron, steel, or graphite was sometimes used. Gaseous HCl produced by this method is very pure and can be used to manufacture pure hydrochloric acid by the adiabatic absorption process (33) or falling film absorption process (34). 

Catechol is available in standard and extra pure grade. Manufacturer s specifications for catechol and resorcinol are given in Table 4. ... 

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