Standards emerging

Hypertensive crises are characterized initially by headache, but can evolve to include neck stiffness, chest discomfort, palpitations, confusion, and, ultimately, hemorrhage or stroke. Treatment of MAOI-associated hypertension may include a watch-and-wait stance by the patient if the symptoms are mild. Some patients have the ability to check and monitor their own blood pressure. Others may consult with a physician for blood pressure checks and observation, but if symptoms are severe, the patient may need to go to an emergency room or self-medicate. Standard emergency room treatment is intravenous phentolamine, an a-adrenergic blocker, continuous monitoring and management until blood pressure is normalized without medication. Some doctors will provide patients with small doses of chlorpromazine or nifedipine to treat hypertension if a problem arises. 

Treatment begins with standard emergency procedures such as maintaining an airway, starting an IV line for blood sampling and drug administration, and so on.28 The first drugs administered are usually benzodiazepines lorazepam (Ativan) or diazepam (Valium)... 

IBM -compatible computer Originally, any personal computer compatible with the IBM line of personal computers. With the launch of IBM s proprietary micro channel architecture in the PS/2 line of computers, which replaced the AT bus, two incompatible standards emerged, and so the term became misleading. Now, it is becoming more common to use the term industry-standard computer when referring to a computer that uses the AT or ISA bus, and the term DOS computer to describe any PC that runs DOS and is based on one of the Intel family of chips. 

Acute overdose probably would not result in toxicity. Should oral overdosage occur, standard emergency and supportive care procedures should be followed. If anaphylaxis should occur, epinephrine may be given as 0.3-0.5 ml of a 1 1000 solution for adults (children should receive 0.01 ml kg ). Mild anaphylaxis may be treated with antihistamines alone. If chronic toxicity should occur, it is important to reduce the dosage of corticosteroid to a minimal maintenance dose at the first sign of toxicity. 

Exposure victims should be moved immediately to fresh air. Standard emergency supportive care... 

Patients may come into the pharmacy and request a supply as with the standard emergency supply or they may be referred to the pharmacy either by an out-of-hours service (for example, NHS 24 which provides health information and self-care advice in Scotland), a GP or an accident and emergency department of a hospital. 

As well as support for existing de facto standards, the future will see development focus on the provision of interfaces for true standards which should finally emerge within the next few years. The ability to develop interfaces for new object models quickly will be especially important given the current paces of new developments. As such standards emerge, the OCS, the MBS, and the ERP market will largely be split into those systems which fully support such object-oriented interfaces and those that do not. Needless to say, those systems that do not will find it difficult to develop complete solutions and will lack functionality. 

Decentralized decision making is, of course, required in some time-critical situations. But like all safety-critical decision making, the decentralized decisions must be made in the context of system-level information and from a total systems perspective in order to be effective in reducing accidents. One way to make distributed decision making safe is to decouple the system components in the overall system design, if possible, so that decisions do not have systemwide repercussions. Another common way to deal with the problem is to specify and train standard emergency responses. Operators may be told to sound the evacuation alarm any time an indicator reaches a certain level. In this way, safe procedures are determined at the system level and operators are socialized and trained to provide uniform and appropriate responses to crisis situations. 

With rule-based decision making, the clinician, pilot or operator has to identify the situation they are facing, but is then able to identify a learned set of rules or procedures that should be adopted. Pilots, for instance, are trained in a wide variety of both routine and emergency procedures that, once initiated, follow a standard pattern. Pilots of commercial airliners are expected to have memorized all standard emergency procedures, for which they will have rehearsed mentally and trained in practice in simulators where time allows, they are also expected to actually check the flight manual to ensure they follow the procedure to the letter. 

The standard emergency telephone number in the United States. 

In an industrial environment, responding to an emergency is done according to a specific set of standards. Emergency response drills are carefully planned and include preparations for worst-case scenarios for example, vapor releases, chemical spills, explosions, fires, equipment failure, hurricane, high winds, loss of power, and bomb threats or actual bombings. 

UWNR 006, Emergency Plan, specifies that the Standard Emergency Classification ALERT be declared in the EVENT of a severe fuel clad leak approaching MA size under which of the following conditions ... 

Additional controls will revolve around the production of personal emergency evacuation plans for each of the disabled persons (or a standard emergency evacuation plan which may cover all disabled persons). Controls are likely to include the use of an area within the protected staircases either end (known as a refuge area), the provision of methods for evacuation, e.g. evac chair, trained competent members of staff who may assist persons using the evac chair, the provision of information to all staff in relation to the evacuation procedures for those with disabilities, a review of the fire safety policy arrangements to include persons with disabilities. It may also be possible to consider the upgrading of the existing lift to that of an evacuation lift. 

This section addresses emergency response procedures used to control and contain loss of property and prevent injury to workers in the chemical industry workplace due to fire, explosion, toxic chemical spill, and/or accidents. Moreover, an emergency response procedure, currently used in a chemical industry workplace, is presented as an example of the type of procedure that is required. Along with standard emergency response procedures for use in the workplace, several work practices related to specific workplace equipment is included. Finally, emergency medical response procedures for the chemical industry workplace are discussed. 

By 1932, there were many different gold alloys on the market. The need for some standardization was evident. Ultimately, the American Dental Association Specification Nnmber 5 for dental gold alloys (based on the review by the National Bureau of Standards) emerged. 

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