Sprays or mists

A sample to be examined by electrospray is passed as a solution in a solvent (made up separately or issuing from a liquid chromatographic column) through a capillary tube held at high electrical potential, so the solution emerges as a spray or mist of small droplets (i.e., it is nebulized). As the droplets evaporate, residual sample ions are extracted into a mass spectrometer for analysis. 

Hand dispensing is also used but on most modem maehines applieation is by a eontinuous jet, spray or mist. 

These may be direct (i.e. installed within the conditioned room) or indirect (i.e. installed in the conditioning plant). Water may be introduced (a) as a spray or mist or (b) as steam generated separately or by a device within the plant. 

Spray and mists releases generally behave like a gas or vapor release. The fuel is highly atomized and mixed with air. Sprays or mists can easily be ignited, even below the flash point temperature of the material involved, since mixing of the fuel with the air has already occurred. 

At higher gas flow rates an annular regime is found as in vertical flow. At very high flow rates the liquid film may be very thin, the majority of the liquid being dispersed as droplets in the gas core. This type of flow may be called the spray or mist flow regime. 

Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knock down is corrosive or toxic and should... 

Exposure. Inhalation (of spray or mist) skin absorption... 

The hazards associated with occupational exposure to phosphoric acid depend on its acidic nature. Concentrated phosphoric acid is corrosive to exposed tissue, and lower concentrations are irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Phosphoric acid has a low vapor pressure at room temperature and is unlikely to present an inhalation hazard unless introduced into the atmosphere as a spray or mist. Unacclimated workers could not endure exposure to fumes of phosphorus pentoxide (the anhydride of phosphoric acid) at a concentration of lOOmg/m exposure to concentrations between 3.6 and 11.3mg/m produced cough, whereas concentrations of... 

Class B Fires. These are fires in flammable liquids (oils, gasoline, solvents, etc.), where a blanketing or smothering effect is essential to put the fire out. This effect keeps oxygen away from the fuel, and can be obtained with carbon dioxide, dry chemical (essentially sodium bicarbonate), foam, or a vaporizing-liquid type of extinguishing agent. Water is most effective when used as a fine spray or mist... 

A flame, where the solution of the sample is aspirated. Typically, in FAAS the liquid sample is first converted into a fine spray or mist (this step is called nebulisation). Then, the spray reaches the atomiser (flame) where desolvation, volatilisation and dissociation take place to produce gaseous free atoms. Most common flames are composed of acetylene-air, with a temperature of 2100-2400 °C, and acetylene-nitrous oxide, with a temperature of 2600-2900 °C. 

As the name implies, this technique involves the formation of a falling curtain of powder into which is directed a jet of steam, water spray or mist to wet and agglomerate the product. Small, cluster-type agglomerators are formed. 

Alcohol foam, water spray or mist, dry chemical. Ignition... 

Cooling is a two-stage process, first a fan and then a cold water spray or mist. 

Flammable Liquid, Poison SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Human mutation data reported. See also ALLYL CHLORIDE and ALLYL COMPOUNDS. Dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. When heated to decomposidon it emits toxic fumes of Br . To fight fire, use alcohol foam, water spray or mist, CO2, dry chemical. 

SAFETY PROFILE Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. A mild allergen. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2, water spray or mist, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. 

SAFETY PROFILE Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal route. Probably an irritant to skin and mucous membranes. Dangerous fire hazard a powerful oxidizer. Store in a cool place away from fire hazards, sparks, open flames, and out of the direct rays of the sun. Dangerous explosion hazard this material may explode by heat (over 38°) or contamination. Any contaminant that acts as an accelerator to the polymerization or decomposition of this material can cause an explosion. Heat or contact with certain fumes or mists can cause it to explode. To fight small fires, use CO2 or foam extinguishers. Water spray or mist may also be used. Dry chemical is effective. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cr. See also PEROXIDES, ORGANIC. 

Flammable Liquid SAFETY PROFILE Mildly toxic by ingestion. A skin and eye irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks can react vigorously with oxidizers. Reacts with water, steam, acids, or acid fumes to produce toxic and flammable vapors. To fight fire, use water spray or mist, dr chemical, CO2, foam. When heated to decomposition it yields highly toxic fumes of SOx. See also SULFIDES. 

DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by intramuscular route. Mutation data reported. Acute symptoms of exposure are headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness and stupor, cyanosis and methemoglobinemia. Chronic exposure can cause liver damage. Experimental reproductive effects. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. See NITRATES for explosion and disaster hazards. To fight fire, use water spray or mist, foam, dry chemical, CO2. Vigorous reaction with sulfuric acid above 200°C. Reaction with sodium hydroxide at 130°C under pressure may produce the explosive sodium-4-nitrophenoxide. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also m-NITROANILINE, o-NITROANILINE, NITRO COMPOUNDS OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, and ANILINE DYES. 

T-C 1803 is applied or oversprayed to stock in the openingpicking-carding operations by a spray or mist system. It is applied as received by pumping the fluid through spray or mist nozzles. 

Nondietary exposure to propachlor by a farmer as an applicator during mixing, loading, spraying, and flagging is probable. Dermal contact, ocular contact, and ingestion are possible exposure routes. Inhalation of spray or mist is another possible route of exposure. 

To nebulize means to convert a liquid into a fine spray or mist. 

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