Big Chemical Encyclopedia

Chemical substances, components, reactions, process design ...

Articles Figures Tables About

Vertical flows

Judging from the hydraulic heads, the vertical flow across the semipermeable interface 1 is in a downward direction, whereas across the semipermeable interface 2 it is in an upward direction. Therefore, unit 2 is being fed by fluid from the phraetic aquifer above it and the confined aquifer below. [Pg.403]

Packed-bed scrubbers m be construc ted for either vertical or horizontal gas flow. Vertical-flow units (packed towers) commonly use countercurrent flow of gas and liquid, although cocurrent flow is sometimes used. Packed scrubbers using horizontal gas flow usually employ cross-flow of liquid. [Pg.1594]

Typical applications in the chemical field (Beaver, op. cit.) include detarring of manufactured gas, removal of acid mist and impurities in contact sulfuric acid plants, recovery of phosphoric acid mists, removal of dusts in gases from roasters, sintering machines, calciners, cement and lime Idlns, blast furnaces, carbon-black furnaces, regenerators on fluid-catalyst units, chemical-recoveiy furnaces in soda and sulfate pulp mills, and gypsum kettles. Figure 17-74 shows a vertical-flow steel-plate-type precipitator similar to a type used for catalyst-dust collection in certain fluid-catalyst plants. [Pg.1616]

Figure 7 The production and emission of NO during denitrification in agricultural soil treated with NO3 fertilizer (KNO3) and the nitrification inhibitor Dyciandiamide (10%) under aerobic (air) and anerobic conditions (N,). Fluxes are means from three soil columns, error bars represent standard deviations from the mean. V = vertical flow through the column H = Horizontal flow over the soil surface. Figure 7 The production and emission of NO during denitrification in agricultural soil treated with NO3 fertilizer (KNO3) and the nitrification inhibitor Dyciandiamide (10%) under aerobic (air) and anerobic conditions (N,). Fluxes are means from three soil columns, error bars represent standard deviations from the mean. V = vertical flow through the column H = Horizontal flow over the soil surface.
If a hand is placed over the smoke source in Fig. 10.57, a wake region is created in the vertical flow field, as shown in Fig. 10.59,... [Pg.931]

The flow field created within the protection zone depends mainly on the density difference between supply air and room air (Fig. 10.90). With vertical flow the supply air should be isothermal or cooler than ambient air. If it were warmer, the extension of the controlled flow would be reduced due to buoyancy effects, resulting in the supply air not reaching the operator s breathing zone. As the. supply air cannot be used for heating, the operator s thermal comfort should be maintained, preferably with radiant heaters in cold environments. If the supply air temperature is lower than the room air, the denser supply air accelerates down to the operator, and for continuity reasons the supply flow contracts. Excessive temperature differences result in a reduced controlled flow area with thermal discomfort, and should only be used in special cases. [Pg.977]

However, the correlation between and is essentially dependent on the flow pattern, and therefore the correlations, for example Eq. (14.72), are limited to distinctly specified cases. Figure 14.9 illustrates different types of vertical flow, each of which requires its own model for the correlation between and w so-... [Pg.1335]

Numerous studies of the formation and flow of gas bubbles in liquids have appeared in the literature, and a complete review will not be attempted. Attention is drawn to two recently published reviews, that of Jackson (Jl) on the formation and coalescence of drops and bubbles in liquids, and that of Govier (G6) on developments in the understanding of the vertical flow of two phases. [Pg.114]

In vertical flow, axial symmetry exists and flow patterns tend to be somewhat more stable. However, with slug flow in particular, oscillations in the flow can occur as a result of sudden changes in pressure as liquid slugs are discharged from the end of the pipe. [Pg.185]

The principal flow patterns are shown in Figure 5.1. In general, the flow pattern map (Figure 5.2) is also applicable to vertical flow. Further reference to flow of gas- liquid mixtures in vertical pipes is made in Section 8.4.1 with reference to the operation of the air-lift pump. [Pg.185]

A knowledge of hold-up is particularly important for vertical flow since the hydrostatic pressure gradient, which is frequently the major component of the total pressure gradient, is directly proportional to liquid hold-up. However, in slug flow, the situation is complicated by the fact that any liquid which is in the form of an annular film surrounding the gas slug does not contribute to the hydrostatic pressure 14. ... [Pg.187]

In summary, therefore, it is recommended that the frictional pressure drop for vertical flow be calculated as follows ... [Pg.211]

Considerably more work has been carried out on horizontal as opposed to vertical pneumatic conveying. A useful review of relevant work and of correlations for the calculation of pressure drops has been given by Klinzing et a/.(68). Some consideration will now be given to horizontal conveying, with particular reference to dilute phase flow, and this is followed by a brief analysis of vertical flow. [Pg.214]

Govier, G. W Radford. B. A. and Dunn, J. S. C Canatl. J. Chem. Eng. 55 (1957) 58, The upwards vertical flow of air-water mixtures I. Effect Of air and water rates on flow pattern, hold-up and pressure drop. [Pg.377]

Hydraulic transport, vertical flow 1.96, 210 Hydrocyclones 55 Hygrometer 758... [Pg.881]

On the reactor side, the gas mixture enters from the top and is separated into 16 individual streams, going to each one of the reactors. Figure 11.3 shows the side view of the high-throughput reactor setup. The reactors are vertical flow-through reactors with a... [Pg.328]

Figures 3.1a and 3.16 show the flow patterns in vertical and horizontal pipes, respectively. Obviously, stratified flow does not exist in vertical flow, because of the relative direction of the flow and gravitational force, and a more symmetrical flow pattern is possible in vertical flow than in horizontal flow. Flow patterns identified in the figure can be described as follows. Figures 3.1a and 3.16 show the flow patterns in vertical and horizontal pipes, respectively. Obviously, stratified flow does not exist in vertical flow, because of the relative direction of the flow and gravitational force, and a more symmetrical flow pattern is possible in vertical flow than in horizontal flow. Flow patterns identified in the figure can be described as follows.
Figure 3.1 Typical two-phase flow patterns (A) flow patterns in vertical flow (B) flow patterns in horizontal flow. Figure 3.1 Typical two-phase flow patterns (A) flow patterns in vertical flow (B) flow patterns in horizontal flow.
Pattern transition in vertical adiabatic flow. Upward vertical flow has been studied intensively, both because of the simplicity of the geometric condition and the relevance in applications. The map shown in Figure 3.4 is the result of rather recent and relevant studies into the interpretation of regime transition mechanisms. In this figure, the transition between bubbly flow and slug flow occurs be-... [Pg.163]


See other pages where Vertical flows is mentioned: [Pg.424]    [Pg.320]    [Pg.321]    [Pg.368]    [Pg.477]    [Pg.652]    [Pg.652]    [Pg.654]    [Pg.657]    [Pg.2115]    [Pg.72]    [Pg.452]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.264]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.286]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.184]    [Pg.185]    [Pg.210]    [Pg.224]    [Pg.869]    [Pg.871]    [Pg.893]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.397]    [Pg.301]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.155]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.127 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.110 ]




SEARCH



Aerated liquid, vertical flow

Bubble-flow vertical tubes

Convection flow along vertical surfaces

Flow Distribution in Vertical Pipes

Flow diagram of the polypropylene vertical reactor gas phase process

Flow on a vertical wall

Flow vertical, coarse solids

Flows in vertical planes

Heat transfer in laminar flow on a vertical wall

Hydraulic transport, vertical flow

Laminar flow, condensation vertical plate

Precipitator vertical-flow

Pressure vertical flow

Slug flow in vertical tubes

Slug-flow vertical tubes

VERTICAL FLOW SYSTEMS

Vertical density flow

Vertical flow cabinets

Vertical flow reactor

Vertical laminar flow

Vertical pipe flow patterns

Vertical, Upward Gas-Liquid Flow

Zones vertical down flow

© 2024 chempedia.info