SPECTROSCOPY SPINNING

A review of the application of ESR to the study of free radical polymerisation is given by Yamada and co-workers [146]. A survey of the application ESR spectroscopy spin label/probe methods in heterogeneous polymer systems is provided by Veksli and co-workers [147]. Spin probe methods allow the study of the MD of the polymer, its free volume, phase separation and phase morphology. 

Keywords Surface reconstructions surface states angular resolved photoemission scanning tunneling spectroscopy spin polarized spectroscopy self-organized nucleation. 

To summarize the features of solid-state NMR spectroscopy, spin-lattice relaxation is generally inefficient (long 7, s), spin-spin relaxation is extremely efficient (short T2 s), and spectral lines are quite broad due to the anisotropic nature of the interactions. 

Monitoring methods may be classified as direct scanning without subsequent spectral conversion or as additional methcxls such as measutements based upon fluorescence, photo-acoustic spectroscopy, spin resonance, and radioactivity measurements. 

While the main recent advance in NMR has been the development of multidimensional spectroscopy, novel catalytic applications include in situ studies and two-dimensional (2D) solid-state techniques such as correlation spectroscopy, spin diffusion, and quadrupole nutation. Completely new techniques have appeared, such as multiple-quantum spin counting, and old ones have developed in quite unexpected directions. For example, cross-polarization, a 20-year-old experiment, has recently been applied to quadmpolar nuclei to yield important new information on heterogeneous catalysts. Magic-angle spinning (MAS) of quadru-polar nuclei has been extended to methods in which the sample is spun about two different angles either simultaneously or sequentially (DOR and DAS). These experiments have been made possible by the significant advances in NMR instrumentation in the last decade. 

R455 T. Polenova, Protein NMR Spectroscopy. Spinning into Focus , Nat. Chem., [online computer file], 2011, 3, 759. 

MQW N multiple quantum well SPLEED spectroscopy spin-polarized... 

Table 9.1 summarizes the methods used for characterization of NC diamonds. Besides the methods mentioned above, we involved in the table additional methods, among them electron spectroscopy, spin resonance methods, optical methods, and methods involving visualization and chemical methods. We would like to emphasize that the complicated structure of NC diamonds demands on using various methods for single object. ... 

Table 12.1 Some of the nuclei which have been studied by NMR spectroscopy spin = J unless otherwise stated...

P. P. Borbat, J. H. Freed, Measuring distances by pulsed dipolar ESR spectroscopy spin-labeled histidine kinases, in Two-Component Signaling Systems, Part B, M. Simon, B.R. Crane, A.B. Crane, Eds., Methods in Enzymology 423, Ch. 3, 2007, pp. 52-116. 

Kohler EH, Lescouezec R (2009) Revisiting prussian blue analogues with MAS NMR spectroscopy spin density and local structure in Cd3[Fe(CN)6] I5H2O. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 48 1673-1676... 

SEELES SEXAES SIMS SPLEED Surface Electron Energy Loss Fine Structure Surface Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Sfructure Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy Spin-Polarized LEED ... 

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